Acclimation and hardness enhancement through ultraviolet-B irradiation of fruit vegetable seedlings grown in a plant factory with artificial light

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI:10.1007/s13580-024-00605-7

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Abstract

This study determined the optimal ultraviolet (UV)-B dose of major vegetable seedlings in a plant factory with artificial light for labor saving. Four vegetable seedlings, cucumber, watermelon, tomato, and pepper, were used as test crops. UV-B irradiation was conducted at four different UV-B doses of 1.08, 2.16, 3.24, and 4.32 kJ·m⁻² d⁻¹ for 3 h a day for 3 days after graft-take and temporary planting of fruit vegetable seedlings. After UV-B irradiation, seedlings were moved to a greenhouse and exposed to ultraviolet rays of sunlight; growth was observed; and chlorophyll fluorescence was measured. When subjected to UV-B irradiation, minimal changes in external traits of fruit vegetable seedlings were observed at doses below 2.16 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹, while at higher intensities, issues such as chlorosis emerged. When UV-B was irradiated at 4.32 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹, cucumber exhibited a decrease in hypocotyl length by 6.4 cm, and watermelon by 1.7 cm compared with the control. Additionally, cucumber and watermelon both showed a decrease in leaf area by 75.6 cm² and 49.8 cm², respectively, indicating a tendency of growth inhibition. For tomatoes and peppers, when UV-B was irradiated at 1.08 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹, they exhibited an improvement in compactness by 5 and 2.5 mg·cm⁻¹, respectively, compared with the control. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated a positive correlation between ABS/RC and DI_O/RC with increasing UV-B doses, while F_V/F_M and PI_ABS showed a negative correlation. Using UV-B during the seedling acclimation period, seedlings can adapt to external UV radiation, thereby suppressing excessive growth and promoting the production of robust seedlings. Moreover, the utilization of UV-B within a plant factory allows for conducting the acclimation process within the facility, reducing the need for seedlings to be transported to conventional nurseries and offering potential benefits in terms of operational efficiency.

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通过紫外线-B 照射人工光源植物工厂培育的果蔬幼苗，使其适应环境并提高硬度

摘要本研究确定了植物工厂中主要蔬菜秧苗的最佳紫外线（UV）-B 剂量，使用人工光源以节省劳动力。黄瓜、西瓜、番茄和辣椒四种蔬菜幼苗被用作试验作物。在蔬菜果苗嫁接和临时定植后的 3 天内，以 1.08、2.16、3.24 和 4.32 kJ-m-2 d-1 四种不同的紫外线-B 剂量进行照射，每天照射 3 小时。紫外线-B 照射后，秧苗被移至温室，暴露在阳光紫外线下，观察生长情况，并测量叶绿素荧光。在接受紫外线-B 照射时，如果剂量低于 2.16 kJ-m-2-d-1，果蔬幼苗的外部性状变化极小，而如果剂量较高，则会出现萎黄等问题。当紫外线-B 的照射强度为 4.32 kJ-m-2-d-1 时，与对照相比，黄瓜的下胚轴长度减少了 6.4 厘米，西瓜减少了 1.7 厘米。此外，黄瓜和西瓜的叶面积分别减少了 75.6 平方厘米和 49.8 平方厘米，显示出生长受抑制的趋势。西红柿和辣椒在 1.08 kJ-m-2-d-1 的紫外线-B 照射下，叶片紧密度与对照组相比分别提高了 5 毫克-厘米-1 和 2.5 毫克-厘米-1。叶绿素荧光参数表明，随着 UV-B 剂量的增加，ABS/RC 和 DIO/RC 呈正相关，而 FV/FM 和 PIABS 呈负相关。在幼苗适应期利用 UV-B，可使幼苗适应外部紫外线辐射，从而抑制过度生长，促进培育壮苗。此外，在植物工厂内使用 UV-B，可以在工厂内进行适应过程，减少了将秧苗运往传统苗圃的需要，并在运营效率方面提供了潜在的好处。

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来源期刊

Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

4.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology (HEB) is the official journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science, was launched in 1965 as the "Journal of Korean Society for Horticultural Science". HEB is an international journal, published in English, bimonthly on the last day of even number months, and indexed in Biosys Preview, SCIE, and CABI. The journal is devoted for the publication of original research papers and review articles related to vegetables, fruits, ornamental and herbal plants, and covers all aspects of physiology, molecular biology, biotechnology, protected cultivation, postharvest technology, and research in plants related to environment.