Nanotechnology at Work: Hydrogel Drug Delivery Architectures

Shubhangi Aher, Dipti Solanki, Aparna Jain
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Abstract

Hydrogels represent three-dimensional, interconnected networks known to absorb substantial amounts of H2O but at the same time, being insoluble in the aforementioned solvent. Their exceptional hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility and diverse therapeutic potential position them as highly promising biomaterials within biological and biomedical fields. These materials, on account of their innoxious innate characteristics and safe utilization, have garnered widespread acceptance across tremendous and diverse biomedical applications ranging from traditional therapies to state-of-the-art advancements. This extensive review incorporates a spectrum of varied types of hydrogels, elaborating on both their chemical, physical aspects and also throws light on the rheological, analytical and spectroscopic tools employed for their characterization. It also continues to elaborate on the various mechanisms of gelation for facilitating a better understanding of the topic under discussion. The review also discusses the different strategies which are substantiated in recent times to expand the utilisation of hydrogels. The primary intent of this review is to render a comprehensive understanding of hydrogels as an ideal drug delivery system to undergraduates, graduates, biomedical students and researchers across the globe. It also targets to unravel the fundamental, applied and general aspects of hydrogels, offering valuable insights to help individuals associated with multidisciplinary research and application spheres. Keywords: Gelation, Biocompatibility, Cross-linking, Smart hydrogels, Polymerization, Architecture, Polymer network
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工作中的纳米技术:水凝胶给药结构
水凝胶是一种三维互连网络,可吸收大量的水,但同时又不溶于上述溶剂。水凝胶具有特殊的亲水性、生物相容性和多种治疗潜力,是生物和生物医学领域极具前景的生物材料。这些材料因其无毒的先天特性和安全的使用方法,在从传统疗法到最先进技术的各种生物医学应用中获得了广泛的认可。这篇内容广泛的综述介绍了各种类型的水凝胶,阐述了它们的化学和物理特性,还介绍了用于表征它们的流变学、分析和光谱工具。报告还继续阐述了凝胶化的各种机理,以帮助读者更好地理解所讨论的主题。本综述还讨论了近期为扩大水凝胶的应用而证实的不同策略。本综述的主要目的是让全球的本科生、研究生、生物医学学生和研究人员全面了解水凝胶这种理想的给药系统。它还旨在揭示水凝胶的基础、应用和一般方面,为多学科研究和应用领域的相关人员提供有价值的见解。关键词凝胶化 生物相容性 交联 智能水凝胶 聚合 结构 聚合物网络
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