Comparison of Pressure-Based and Skin Friction-based Methods for the Determination of Flow Separation of a Circular Cylinder with Roundness Imperfection

Ran Wang, Shaohong Cheng, David S.-K. Ting
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Abstract

A delayed detached eddy simulation in OpenFOAM was performed to study flow separation of a circular cylinder with roundness imperfection up to 4% of its diameter at Reynolds numbers of 100, 3900, and 10! in normal flow. The flow was considered to be Newtonian and incompressible. The separation position was determined independently based on surface pressure distribution and skin friction. Results show that the patterns of these distributions depend on both Reynolds number and roundness imperfection level, and flow separation in an imperfectly round cylinder may be induced by either an adverse pressure gradient or a Gentle Bend (GB) introduced by the roughness. For the separation point determined by the pressure-based method, its accuracy can be affected by the characteristic of pressure distribution near the separation point at low Reynolds numbers, and, thus, its physical validity needs to be verified by flow visualization at high Reynolds numbers. The skin friction-based method can accurately predict separation point for both perfectly and imperfectly round cylinders without additional information. When the roundness imperfection ratio reaches 2% and the Reynolds number reaches 3900, both approaches indicate that the flow separation point converges to the location of GB on the cylinder surface and the two sets of predicted separation points agree well.
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比较基于压力的方法和基于皮肤摩擦的方法来确定具有圆度缺陷的圆柱体的分流情况
在 OpenFOAM 中进行了延迟分离涡模拟,研究了在雷诺数为 100、3900 和 10!的正常流动条件下,圆度缺陷达直径 4% 的圆柱体的流动分离问题。结果表明,这些分布的模式取决于雷诺数和圆度不完美程度,不完美圆柱体中的流动分离可能是由粗糙度引入的不利压力梯度或平缓弯曲(GB)引起的。对于基于压力的方法确定的分离点,其准确性会受到低雷诺数时分离点附近压力分布特征的影响,因此需要通过高雷诺数时的流动可视化来验证其物理有效性。当圆度不完美比达到 2% 和雷诺数达到 3900 时,两种方法都表明气流分离点趋近于圆柱体表面的 GB 位置,并且两组预测的分离点非常一致。
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