Risk Factors and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge among Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension and Heart Disease Patients: Literature Review

Abstract

Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death in the world and the biggest cause of death in Indonesia. Knowledge of stroke risk factors and symptoms can improve stroke prevention measures so as to reduce the risk of disability and death. This study aims to analyze the description of knowledge about risk factors and symptoms of stroke in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart disease. The research was carried out using google scholar search engine and electronic databases, such as Pubmed and Science Direct. The English keywords used are knowledge AND “risk factors” AND “stroke symptoms”. Meanwhile, the Indonesian keywords are: pengetahuan DAN “faktor risiko” DAN “gejala stroke”. The inclusion criteria of the articles collected were articles in English and Indonesian, full text, the Cross-Sectional Study method or descriptive, and publication year between 2012-2022. This research obtained 8 articles which would then be analyzed. All articles analyzed were overseas research reports (two african continent countries and three asia continent countries) and in English. It is shown that knowledge about the risk factors and symptoms of stroke in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart disease is still lacking. There are 2 studies that report 56 and 77% of respondents do not know the risk factors for stroke. Knowledge of stroke symptoms in the form of decreased consciousness was found to be very poor (7.6% of respondents).