Osmotic demyelinating syndrome and its manifestations

Abstract

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is a rare and severe dysmetabolic lesion of the central nervous system which is difficult to diagnose. Its prevalence in the general population reaches 0.5 %, and in intensive care nits — 2.5 %. Within the framework of ODS, central pontine myelinolysis with demyelination of the pons and extrapontine myelinolysis with foci of demyelination in the cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres are distinguished. Clinical cases of ODS that developed against the background of dehydration are presented