Cerebral abscesses are one of the most serious pathologies of the central nervous system. At the moment, despite the prevalence of neuroimaging techniques, a great number of antibacterial drugs, and a variety of surgical treatment methods, the likelihood of fatal outcome still exists, which is influenced by the patient’s state of health and a delayed diagnosis. The article presents statistical data on this pathology. The authors detailed the etiology and pathogenesis of cerebral abscesses, noting the role of streptococcal infection. Four stages of cerebral abscess were characterized: early and late cerebritis, and early and late capsule formation. The article presents several classifications of brain abscesses: by localization, by volume, by relation to the meninges and brain matter, and by the progression speed. The presence of mainly non-specific symptoms in the clinical picture, the most widespread being headache on the side of lesion, was also noted. The authors described characteristic symptoms in various cases of abscess localizations: in lesions of frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, and localization of the malignant process in the brain stem. A clinical case of a cerebral abscess in a teenager was used to describe the methods of neuroimaging and surgical treatment of this pathology, as well as to characterize the neurological status before and after surgery. The author used the methods of decompressive craniectomy for surgical treatment of the brain abscess formation. An essential part of postoperative treatment is rehabilitation measures, as the majority of patients still have neurological deficit preserved.
{"title":"Neurosurgical approach to the treatment of otorhinogenic brain abscess (a clinical case)","authors":"L. Ngankam, E. V. Guseva","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-02","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral abscesses are one of the most serious pathologies of the central nervous system. At the moment, despite the prevalence of neuroimaging techniques, a great number of antibacterial drugs, and a variety of surgical treatment methods, the likelihood of fatal outcome still exists, which is influenced by the patient’s state of health and a delayed diagnosis. The article presents statistical data on this pathology. The authors detailed the etiology and pathogenesis of cerebral abscesses, noting the role of streptococcal infection. Four stages of cerebral abscess were characterized: early and late cerebritis, and early and late capsule formation. The article presents several classifications of brain abscesses: by localization, by volume, by relation to the meninges and brain matter, and by the progression speed. The presence of mainly non-specific symptoms in the clinical picture, the most widespread being headache on the side of lesion, was also noted. The authors described characteristic symptoms in various cases of abscess localizations: in lesions of frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, and localization of the malignant process in the brain stem. A clinical case of a cerebral abscess in a teenager was used to describe the methods of neuroimaging and surgical treatment of this pathology, as well as to characterize the neurological status before and after surgery. The author used the methods of decompressive craniectomy for surgical treatment of the brain abscess formation. An essential part of postoperative treatment is rehabilitation measures, as the majority of patients still have neurological deficit preserved.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Koryakina, O. P. Kovtun, V. V. Bazarny, L. Fechina
Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) is one of the frequent toxic complications in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. The pathogenesis of peripheral nerve damage is not fully understood; however, recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of neurotrophic factors. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the level of plasma neurotrophic growth factors in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and determine their association with the VIPN formation. Materials and methods: 131 newly diagnosed ALL patients aged 3 to 17 years receiving chemotherapy according to the ALL–MB 2015 protocol participated in a single-center prospective study. Depending on the development of VIPN, the patients were divided into two groups: the study group (n=106) — children with VIPN and the comparison group (n=25) — children without VIPN. The plasma level of neurotrophic growth factors (NGF-β and BDNF) was determined using multiparametric immunofluorescence analysis.Results: during the follow-up period, 80.9 % of the children (n=106) developed VIPN against the background of chemotherapy. In most cases, neurotoxic disorder manifested at the induction stage of treatment — in 84.9 % (n=90) of the patients. The clinical phenotype of VIPN was characterized by a combination of neurological disorders in 67.9 % (n=72) of the patients, with the predominance of sensory and motor symptoms. The comparative analysis of plasma neurotrophic growth factors in the groups of children with ALL depending on the VIPN formation showed that in the patients with VIPN, a statistically significant increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was noted at the consolidation stage of chemotherapy (study 1–284.3 (97.4÷628.3) pg/mL; study 2–281.7 (178.9÷679.2) pg/mL; study 3–980.2 (454.3÷2,005.9) pg/mL; p1-2=0.424 and p1-3=0.009). However, in the children without VIPN, an increase in this growth factor was observed during the induction phase (study 1–370.5 (95.4÷463.8) pg/mL; study 2–683.0 (362.4÷1,486.3) pg/mL; study 3–674.6 (394.8÷2,584.0) pg/mL; p1-2=0.043 and p1-3=0.021). In addition, in the study group patients with the early debut of VIPN, the level of nerve growth factor-β (NGF-β) before the administration of chemotherapy was significantly lower in contrast to the patients with its development in later terms (22.7 (10.9÷22.7) pg/mL and 24.7 (22.7÷91.5) pg/mL, respectively; p=0.045). When assessing the clinical value of this indicator, the diagnostic sensitivity was 88 %, specificity — 71 %, and the integral index characterizing the accuracy of the test was 0.81. Conclusion. The increase in plasma growth factor (BDNF) in earlier terms in children without VIPN probably reflects the mechanisms aimed at preventing the realization of VIPN. The established low concentration of plasma NGF-β and optimal diagnostic characteristics of the factor in children with early VIPN onset allow considering it as a prognostic biomarker.
{"title":"Role of neurotrophic growth factors in vincristine polyneuropathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","authors":"O. Koryakina, O. P. Kovtun, V. V. Bazarny, L. Fechina","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-09","url":null,"abstract":"Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) is one of the frequent toxic complications in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. The pathogenesis of peripheral nerve damage is not fully understood; however, recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of neurotrophic factors. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the level of plasma neurotrophic growth factors in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and determine their association with the VIPN formation. Materials and methods: 131 newly diagnosed ALL patients aged 3 to 17 years receiving chemotherapy according to the ALL–MB 2015 protocol participated in a single-center prospective study. Depending on the development of VIPN, the patients were divided into two groups: the study group (n=106) — children with VIPN and the comparison group (n=25) — children without VIPN. The plasma level of neurotrophic growth factors (NGF-β and BDNF) was determined using multiparametric immunofluorescence analysis.Results: during the follow-up period, 80.9 % of the children (n=106) developed VIPN against the background of chemotherapy. In most cases, neurotoxic disorder manifested at the induction stage of treatment — in 84.9 % (n=90) of the patients. The clinical phenotype of VIPN was characterized by a combination of neurological disorders in 67.9 % (n=72) of the patients, with the predominance of sensory and motor symptoms. The comparative analysis of plasma neurotrophic growth factors in the groups of children with ALL depending on the VIPN formation showed that in the patients with VIPN, a statistically significant increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was noted at the consolidation stage of chemotherapy (study 1–284.3 (97.4÷628.3) pg/mL; study 2–281.7 (178.9÷679.2) pg/mL; study 3–980.2 (454.3÷2,005.9) pg/mL; p1-2=0.424 and p1-3=0.009). However, in the children without VIPN, an increase in this growth factor was observed during the induction phase (study 1–370.5 (95.4÷463.8) pg/mL; study 2–683.0 (362.4÷1,486.3) pg/mL; study 3–674.6 (394.8÷2,584.0) pg/mL; p1-2=0.043 and p1-3=0.021). In addition, in the study group patients with the early debut of VIPN, the level of nerve growth factor-β (NGF-β) before the administration of chemotherapy was significantly lower in contrast to the patients with its development in later terms (22.7 (10.9÷22.7) pg/mL and 24.7 (22.7÷91.5) pg/mL, respectively; p=0.045). When assessing the clinical value of this indicator, the diagnostic sensitivity was 88 %, specificity — 71 %, and the integral index characterizing the accuracy of the test was 0.81. Conclusion. The increase in plasma growth factor (BDNF) in earlier terms in children without VIPN probably reflects the mechanisms aimed at preventing the realization of VIPN. The established low concentration of plasma NGF-β and optimal diagnostic characteristics of the factor in children with early VIPN onset allow considering it as a prognostic biomarker.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. V. Baitinger, S. V. Fomina, V. Baitinger, Yu. V. Magay
Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common compressive neuropathy of the upper extremity, which manifests with painful paresthesia in the fingers and impaired hand function. The ultrasound method is successfully used to diagnose this disease. The ultrasound criterion for carpal tunnel syndrome is swelling of the median ner ve, which is a manifestation of poor circulation in the nerve. The study involved 29 people (56 limbs), divided into 2 groups: group 1 — healthy volunteers (14 people, image processing. In group 1, the intraneural type of blood flow was found in 75 % of cases, paraneural — in 3.6 %, and the blood flow was not determined in 21.4 %. In group 2, in 78.6 % of cases there was an intraneural type of blood flow, in 7.1 % — paraneural, and in 14.3 % the blood flow was not determined. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In the group of the patients, the area averaged at 15,350 px2, which is statistically significantly higher than the area of the median ner ve in the group of the volunteers, where this figure averaged at 6,665 px2. The average cross-sectional area of the visualized vessels of the median nerve in the group of the patients was 226 px 2, and in the group of healthy volunteers — 101.025 px2. The blood flow area in the patients was statistically significantly higher than in the volunteers, and the blood flow velocity was 5 cm/sec on average, which is statistically significantly higher than in the control group, where this figure averaged at 3 cm/sec. The type of blood supply to the median nerve does not affect the development of carpal tunnel syndrome and does not determine its origin. Analysis of blood flow velocity may be an important predictor of treatment success in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
{"title":"Ultrasound assessment of blood flow in the median nerve in normal conditions and in carpal tunnel syndrome","authors":"A. V. Baitinger, S. V. Fomina, V. Baitinger, Yu. V. Magay","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-08","url":null,"abstract":"Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common compressive neuropathy of the upper extremity, which manifests with painful paresthesia in the fingers and impaired hand function. The ultrasound method is successfully used to diagnose this disease. The ultrasound criterion for carpal tunnel syndrome is swelling of the median ner ve, which is a manifestation of poor circulation in the nerve. The study involved 29 people (56 limbs), divided into 2 groups: group 1 — healthy volunteers (14 people, image processing. In group 1, the intraneural type of blood flow was found in 75 % of cases, paraneural — in 3.6 %, and the blood flow was not determined in 21.4 %. In group 2, in 78.6 % of cases there was an intraneural type of blood flow, in 7.1 % — paraneural, and in 14.3 % the blood flow was not determined. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In the group of the patients, the area averaged at 15,350 px2, which is statistically significantly higher than the area of the median ner ve in the group of the volunteers, where this figure averaged at 6,665 px2. The average cross-sectional area of the visualized vessels of the median nerve in the group of the patients was 226 px 2, and in the group of healthy volunteers — 101.025 px2. The blood flow area in the patients was statistically significantly higher than in the volunteers, and the blood flow velocity was 5 cm/sec on average, which is statistically significantly higher than in the control group, where this figure averaged at 3 cm/sec. The type of blood supply to the median nerve does not affect the development of carpal tunnel syndrome and does not determine its origin. Analysis of blood flow velocity may be an important predictor of treatment success in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E.P. Samoylov, A. V. Semenov, V. Sorokovikov, S. Larionov
More than sixty scales have been developed for the diagnosis and treatment of degenerative pathology of the cervical spine from the perspective of neurological syndromes. The use of most of these in clinical practice is limited. The purpose of this study is to highlight the most popular scales for assessing degenerative changes of the cervical spine from the perspective of neurological syndromes in the diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics for single-segment stenosis of the spinal canal at the cervical level. The current clinical guidelines “Degenerative Spine Diseases” 2021 use the Neck Disability Index, the Visual Analog Scale, and the Frankel Grade among all scales. MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar were searched from 1972 to 2023 using the key words “cervical spine degeneration”. The initial search identified more than 13,000 articles. This review included 52 studies in which the analysis of clinical and neurological data was carried out using scoring scales for assessing neurological syndromes and functional status in degenerative spinal stenoses at the cervical level. The validity, reliability, and applicability of the scales in clinical practice were analyzed and compared. Based on the analysis of literature data, the most rational scales to use from the standpoint of validity, reliability, and time consumption are the Visual Analog Scale for pain assessment, the Neck Disability Index for assessing cervical radiculopathy, the European Myelopathy Score to assess cervical myelopathy, the Neck Pain and Disability Scale to assess functional outcomes, and the Hospital Anxiet y and Depression Scale for mental status assessment.
{"title":"Scales for assessing neurological disorders and degenerative changes in the cervical spine. Literature review","authors":"E.P. Samoylov, A. V. Semenov, V. Sorokovikov, S. Larionov","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-07","url":null,"abstract":"More than sixty scales have been developed for the diagnosis and treatment of degenerative pathology of the cervical spine from the perspective of neurological syndromes. The use of most of these in clinical practice is limited. The purpose of this study is to highlight the most popular scales for assessing degenerative changes of the cervical spine from the perspective of neurological syndromes in the diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics for single-segment stenosis of the spinal canal at the cervical level. The current clinical guidelines “Degenerative Spine Diseases” 2021 use the Neck Disability Index, the Visual Analog Scale, and the Frankel Grade among all scales. MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar were searched from 1972 to 2023 using the key words “cervical spine degeneration”. The initial search identified more than 13,000 articles. This review included 52 studies in which the analysis of clinical and neurological data was carried out using scoring scales for assessing neurological syndromes and functional status in degenerative spinal stenoses at the cervical level. The validity, reliability, and applicability of the scales in clinical practice were analyzed and compared. Based on the analysis of literature data, the most rational scales to use from the standpoint of validity, reliability, and time consumption are the Visual Analog Scale for pain assessment, the Neck Disability Index for assessing cervical radiculopathy, the European Myelopathy Score to assess cervical myelopathy, the Neck Pain and Disability Scale to assess functional outcomes, and the Hospital Anxiet y and Depression Scale for mental status assessment.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. O. Masaleva, M. P. Ivenkov, D. A. Boev, E. V. Chernykh, V. V. Volkov
Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a long period of latent neurodegenerative process. Some patients experience non-motor manifestations in the form of autonomic (constipation, dizziness, fainting, and sleep, smell, and urination disorders), mental (anxiety and depression), and cognitive disorders that occur several years before the onset of motor symptoms [1]. Purpose of the study: to determine the spectrum and frequency of non-motor disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease in the Kursk Region, as well as to assess the degree of their severit y. Materials and method. We examined 32 patients (18 women and 14 men) with an established diagnosis of PD (mixed type), who were treated at the Kursk Regional Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital. The age of the patients ranged from 59 to 76 years. The mean age was 69.03±5.71 years, and the duration of the disease was 6.93±8.08 years. Non-motor symptoms and their severity were assessed using the UPDRS (Part I) and the NMSS-PD. Sleep disturbances were assessed according to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to study the neuropsychological status of the patients. Cognitive status was assessed according to the MMSE, Frontal Assessment Battery, and the clock drawing test. Results. Non-motor symptoms occurred in 87.5 % of the patients in the study population and are an equally significant part of the PD clinical picture. These manifestations are most often represented by autonomic (87.5 %), mental (68.7 %), and cognitive (72 %) disorders, which have a different spectrum and frequency in this group of patients. Conclusion. Non-motor manifestations of PD require special attention from a neurologist. The clinical picture of such disorders is varied. Early detection and adequate correction of non-motor disorders contributes to the main goal of PD therapy — to improve the qualit y of life of patients.
{"title":"Spectrum and frequency of non-motor disorders in Parkinson’s patients in the Kursk Region","authors":"I. O. Masaleva, M. P. Ivenkov, D. A. Boev, E. V. Chernykh, V. V. Volkov","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a long period of latent neurodegenerative process. Some patients experience non-motor manifestations in the form of autonomic (constipation, dizziness, fainting, and sleep, smell, and urination disorders), mental (anxiety and depression), and cognitive disorders that occur several years before the onset of motor symptoms [1]. Purpose of the study: to determine the spectrum and frequency of non-motor disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease in the Kursk Region, as well as to assess the degree of their severit y. Materials and method. We examined 32 patients (18 women and 14 men) with an established diagnosis of PD (mixed type), who were treated at the Kursk Regional Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital. The age of the patients ranged from 59 to 76 years. The mean age was 69.03±5.71 years, and the duration of the disease was 6.93±8.08 years. Non-motor symptoms and their severity were assessed using the UPDRS (Part I) and the NMSS-PD. Sleep disturbances were assessed according to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to study the neuropsychological status of the patients. Cognitive status was assessed according to the MMSE, Frontal Assessment Battery, and the clock drawing test. Results. Non-motor symptoms occurred in 87.5 % of the patients in the study population and are an equally significant part of the PD clinical picture. These manifestations are most often represented by autonomic (87.5 %), mental (68.7 %), and cognitive (72 %) disorders, which have a different spectrum and frequency in this group of patients. Conclusion. Non-motor manifestations of PD require special attention from a neurologist. The clinical picture of such disorders is varied. Early detection and adequate correction of non-motor disorders contributes to the main goal of PD therapy — to improve the qualit y of life of patients.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P.A. Zimina, K. V. Gubskaya, L. V. Sinitsyna, Y. Malygin, A.A. Akhpashev
Multiple sclerosis, being a disabling disease, is associated with an increased risk of comorbid mental disorders among adult patients. This literature review is intended to reflect the general picture of MS comorbidity and the spectrum of anxiet y and psychotic disorders: prevalence, features of clinical manifestations, and risk factors of the occurrence of such syntropy. The volume of literature data on the given topic is limited by cross-sectional studies and individual clinical cases, while longitudinal studies that can predict the likelihood of occurrence, course, and outcome of the disease are limited.
{"title":"Etiology and pathogenesis of mental disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis: anxiety, psychotic, and personality disorders, chemical addictions, pathological affect","authors":"P.A. Zimina, K. V. Gubskaya, L. V. Sinitsyna, Y. Malygin, A.A. Akhpashev","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-03","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis, being a disabling disease, is associated with an increased risk of comorbid mental disorders among adult patients. This literature review is intended to reflect the general picture of MS comorbidity and the spectrum of anxiet y and psychotic disorders: prevalence, features of clinical manifestations, and risk factors of the occurrence of such syntropy. The volume of literature data on the given topic is limited by cross-sectional studies and individual clinical cases, while longitudinal studies that can predict the likelihood of occurrence, course, and outcome of the disease are limited.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Bakuleva, O. Shiryaev, V. Zemskova, O. Choporov, A. Zemskov, N. A. Ermolenko, E. V. Dorokhov
According to literature data, anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common mental diseases worldwide. Currently, a hypothesis of possible immune metabolic regulation of the central nervous system was put forward. The authors evaluated the indicators of humoral, cellular, and metabolic immunity in patients suffering from mixed anxiety and depressive disorder, who were under the supervision of a psychiatrist at the day hospital of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Dispensary. Indicators of anxiety and depression were assessed by means of psychometric method, clinical interview, and clinical psychopathological examination, and the indicators of immune and metabolic status were examined. It was found that symptoms of anxiety and depression were accompanied by changes in immune and metabolic status. It is supposed that variations in clinical, immunological, and metabolic parameters are coordinated elements of a single pathogenetic mechanism for the formation of anxiet y-depressive spectrum disorders.
{"title":"A correlation between anxiety-depressive symptoms and immune-metabolic parameters in patients with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder","authors":"N. Bakuleva, O. Shiryaev, V. Zemskova, O. Choporov, A. Zemskov, N. A. Ermolenko, E. V. Dorokhov","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-01","url":null,"abstract":"According to literature data, anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common mental diseases worldwide. Currently, a hypothesis of possible immune metabolic regulation of the central nervous system was put forward. The authors evaluated the indicators of humoral, cellular, and metabolic immunity in patients suffering from mixed anxiety and depressive disorder, who were under the supervision of a psychiatrist at the day hospital of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Dispensary. Indicators of anxiety and depression were assessed by means of psychometric method, clinical interview, and clinical psychopathological examination, and the indicators of immune and metabolic status were examined. It was found that symptoms of anxiety and depression were accompanied by changes in immune and metabolic status. It is supposed that variations in clinical, immunological, and metabolic parameters are coordinated elements of a single pathogenetic mechanism for the formation of anxiet y-depressive spectrum disorders.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Prokudin, B. Martynov, V. V. Arsenieva, I. Litvinenko, D. V. Svistov, E. Y. Klimenkova, O. Klitsenko, R. S. Martynov, K. A. Chemodakova, N. K. Vasilieva, S. A. Landik, A. Emelin, A. V. Okolzin
The incidence of primary brain tumors is increasing worldwide. When assessing the treatment delivered to patients with brain gliomas, their quality of life (QOL) is an essential criterion for consideration. It is necessary to search for and specify the factors, which determine the QOL changes in patients with brain tumors. The QOL indicators for patients with brain gliomas were assessed in terms of the following factors: clinical (presence of epileptic seizures, seizures type and frequency, antiepileptic drug treatment, presence of speech disorders and pareses), demographic (sex), age of diagnosis, social (level of education, employment, marital status), molecular-genetic (presence of IDH1/2 mutation, 1p/19q codeletion), and morphological (malignancy degree, tumor histological characteristics). The QOL of 48 patients with diffuse brain gliomas was tested according to the objectives of the study. The QOLIE-31 questionnaire (version 1.0) indicates that diffuse glioma patients with epilepsy have statistically significant decrease in such QOL spheres as seizures worry (p<0.0001), cognitive functioning (p=0.0043), antiepileptic drug effect (p=0.0002), social functioning (p=0.0029), as well as in the total score (p=0.0053). In addition, such factors as age, gender, tumor malignancy degree, and its histological type have a statistically significant effect on the QOL of patients with diffuse brain gliomas before surgery. Thus, the treatment of patients with diffuse brain gliomas requires a thorough study and a multidisciplinary approach, including such specialists as a neurologist, oncologist, chemotherapist, radiologist, neuropsychologist, and psychiatrist, in addition to a neurosurgeon.
在全球范围内，原发性脑肿瘤的发病率不断上升。在评估脑胶质瘤患者的治疗效果时，他们的生活质量（QOL）是一个重要的考量标准。有必要寻找并明确决定脑肿瘤患者生活质量变化的因素。脑胶质瘤患者的 QOL 指标根据以下因素进行评估：临床（是否有癫痫发作、发作类型和频率、抗癫痫药物治疗、是否有语言障碍和瘫痪）、人口学（性别）、诊断年龄、社会（教育水平、就业、婚姻状况）、分子遗传学（是否有 IDH1/2 突变、1p/19q 编码缺失）和形态学（恶性程度、肿瘤组织学特征）。根据研究目标，对 48 名弥漫性脑胶质瘤患者的 QOL 进行了测试。QOLIE-31调查问卷（1.0版）显示，弥漫性脑胶质瘤癫痫患者在以下方面的QOL下降具有统计学意义：担心癫痫发作（p<0.0001）、认知功能（p=0.0043）、抗癫痫药物效果（p=0.0002）、社会功能（p=0.0029）以及总分（p=0.0053）。此外，年龄、性别、肿瘤恶性程度、组织学类型等因素对弥漫性脑胶质瘤患者术前的 QOL 有显著的统计学影响。因此，弥漫性脑胶质瘤患者的治疗需要全面研究和多学科方法，除神经外科医生外，还需要神经科医生、肿瘤科医生、化疗医生、放射科医生、神经心理医生和精神科医生等专家。
{"title":"Quality of life indicators in patients with diffuse brain gliomas","authors":"M. Prokudin, B. Martynov, V. V. Arsenieva, I. Litvinenko, D. V. Svistov, E. Y. Klimenkova, O. Klitsenko, R. S. Martynov, K. A. Chemodakova, N. K. Vasilieva, S. A. Landik, A. Emelin, A. V. Okolzin","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-05","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of primary brain tumors is increasing worldwide. When assessing the treatment delivered to patients with brain gliomas, their quality of life (QOL) is an essential criterion for consideration. It is necessary to search for and specify the factors, which determine the QOL changes in patients with brain tumors. The QOL indicators for patients with brain gliomas were assessed in terms of the following factors: clinical (presence of epileptic seizures, seizures type and frequency, antiepileptic drug treatment, presence of speech disorders and pareses), demographic (sex), age of diagnosis, social (level of education, employment, marital status), molecular-genetic (presence of IDH1/2 mutation, 1p/19q codeletion), and morphological (malignancy degree, tumor histological characteristics). The QOL of 48 patients with diffuse brain gliomas was tested according to the objectives of the study. The QOLIE-31 questionnaire (version 1.0) indicates that diffuse glioma patients with epilepsy have statistically significant decrease in such QOL spheres as seizures worry (p<0.0001), cognitive functioning (p=0.0043), antiepileptic drug effect (p=0.0002), social functioning (p=0.0029), as well as in the total score (p=0.0053). In addition, such factors as age, gender, tumor malignancy degree, and its histological type have a statistically significant effect on the QOL of patients with diffuse brain gliomas before surgery. Thus, the treatment of patients with diffuse brain gliomas requires a thorough study and a multidisciplinary approach, including such specialists as a neurologist, oncologist, chemotherapist, radiologist, neuropsychologist, and psychiatrist, in addition to a neurosurgeon.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. V. Menshikov, A. V. Sergeev, V. Y. Cherebillo, V. A. Kislukhin
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain are a congenital anomaly of the development of cerebral vessels, when instead of a normal capillary bed, a «network» of pathologically altered vessels is formed, through which arterial blood is shunted into the drainage venous system. Due to the thinned wall of the pathological vessels and high pressure in them, patients with AVMs are at risk of intracerebral hemorrhage up to 4 % annually, which determines the vital need for their treatment. Microsurgical removal of brain AVMs is considered the most radical and effective treatment method, the main goal of which is to completely disable the body of the malformation, since the remaining part can lead to the risk of postoperative bleeding. To ensure effective control over the completeness of AVM removal intraoperatively, two methods have been developed: selective cerebral angiography (SCAG) and indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VA). According to the literature, SCAG provides a number of advantages in the intraoperative diagnosis of residual AVM parts compared to ICG-VA. The article analyzes our own experience in using intraoperative SCAG in the surgical treatment of AVM in a hybrid operating room and examines the literature data on the topic of the paper. Our study highlights the importance of using the method of intraoperative control through SCAG in order to improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment of cerebral AVMs.
{"title":"Intraoperative selective cerebral angiography for microsurgical treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations in a hybrid operating room","authors":"I. V. Menshikov, A. V. Sergeev, V. Y. Cherebillo, V. A. Kislukhin","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2402-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2402-06","url":null,"abstract":"Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain are a congenital anomaly of the development of cerebral vessels, when instead of a normal capillary bed, a «network» of pathologically altered vessels is formed, through which arterial blood is shunted into the drainage venous system. Due to the thinned wall of the pathological vessels and high pressure in them, patients with AVMs are at risk of intracerebral hemorrhage up to 4 % annually, which determines the vital need for their treatment. Microsurgical removal of brain AVMs is considered the most radical and effective treatment method, the main goal of which is to completely disable the body of the malformation, since the remaining part can lead to the risk of postoperative bleeding. To ensure effective control over the completeness of AVM removal intraoperatively, two methods have been developed: selective cerebral angiography (SCAG) and indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VA). According to the literature, SCAG provides a number of advantages in the intraoperative diagnosis of residual AVM parts compared to ICG-VA. The article analyzes our own experience in using intraoperative SCAG in the surgical treatment of AVM in a hybrid operating room and examines the literature data on the topic of the paper. Our study highlights the importance of using the method of intraoperative control through SCAG in order to improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment of cerebral AVMs.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I.E. Evdokimova, A. Y. Ter-Isreyalyan, O. R. Polyanina, D. S. Kalinkin
In recent years, due to changes in the socio-political situation, including at the international level, the number of terrorism-related criminal cases has increased, and, therefore, the number of forensic psychiatric examinations conducted in this category of cases has risen. To date, there is a lack of any scientific studies or analytical reviews devoted to the problem of forensic examination of suspects and the accused involved in such criminal cases. The article presents the results of a review of cases of outpatient complex forensic psychological and psychiatric examinations in terrorism-related criminal cases conducted on the basis of the Department of Forensic Psychiatric Examination, Psychiatric Clinical Hospital in Moscow, from 2020 to 2023. In total, 25 cases were described and analyzed, clinical and social characteristics were studied, and an overview of expert solutions was given. An analysis of one expert case was carried out. During the examinations, 56 % of the examinees did not show symptoms of mental illness when committing the incriminated criminal act, while 36 % of the examinees in the sample were diagnosed with a mental disorder. The diagnoses included mild cognitive disorder, various types of personality disorders (emotionally unstable, schizoid, with mixed features), alcohol abuse, as well as paranoid and undifferentiated forms of schizophrenia. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that no confessional model of religious or other consciousness in itself is a source of terrorism, including its political form. Predisposition to terrorist manifestations is a multi-level phenomenon and enters an active phase due to certain «triggers» that operate at the individual, group or mass level, which depends, among other things, on psychopathological factors.
{"title":"Forensic psychiatric examination of terrorist-related criminal cases: clinical and social characteristics of the sub-experts, analysis of the expert case","authors":"I.E. Evdokimova, A. Y. Ter-Isreyalyan, O. R. Polyanina, D. S. Kalinkin","doi":"10.33920/med-01-2401-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2401-10","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, due to changes in the socio-political situation, including at the international level, the number of terrorism-related criminal cases has increased, and, therefore, the number of forensic psychiatric examinations conducted in this category of cases has risen. To date, there is a lack of any scientific studies or analytical reviews devoted to the problem of forensic examination of suspects and the accused involved in such criminal cases. The article presents the results of a review of cases of outpatient complex forensic psychological and psychiatric examinations in terrorism-related criminal cases conducted on the basis of the Department of Forensic Psychiatric Examination, Psychiatric Clinical Hospital in Moscow, from 2020 to 2023. In total, 25 cases were described and analyzed, clinical and social characteristics were studied, and an overview of expert solutions was given. An analysis of one expert case was carried out. During the examinations, 56 % of the examinees did not show symptoms of mental illness when committing the incriminated criminal act, while 36 % of the examinees in the sample were diagnosed with a mental disorder. The diagnoses included mild cognitive disorder, various types of personality disorders (emotionally unstable, schizoid, with mixed features), alcohol abuse, as well as paranoid and undifferentiated forms of schizophrenia. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that no confessional model of religious or other consciousness in itself is a source of terrorism, including its political form. Predisposition to terrorist manifestations is a multi-level phenomenon and enters an active phase due to certain «triggers» that operate at the individual, group or mass level, which depends, among other things, on psychopathological factors.","PeriodicalId":447580,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140503421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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