Capable Fish or Deficient Ponds? A Meta-Analysis of Consequences, Mechanisms, and Moderators of Perceived Overqualification

IF 9.3 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Journal of Management Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI:10.1177/01492063241239298
Meishi Liao, Melody Jun Zhang, Joel B. Carnevale, Chengquan Huang, Lin Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Perceived overqualification (POQ) has traditionally been seen as an undesirable employment situation associated with negative outcomes. However, recent research suggests that POQ may have positive implications for both employees and organizations. Despite the growing literature on this topic, scholars have offered numerous explanatory mechanisms for linking POQ with its work outcomes, and inconsistent findings have been reported, highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of why, where, and for whom POQ is beneficial or detrimental. In the present study, we developed an integrative theoretical framework that depicts the consequences, mechanisms, and moderators of POQ. We then conducted a meta-analytical review of the POQ literature, analyzing 704 effect sizes from 251 independent samples (N = 87,229). By organizing the dominant mechanisms in POQ research within a unified framework of work motivation, we elucidate the distinct pathways by which POQ induces differential work consequences. We further consider the role of key cultural, economic, sociodemographic, and methodological characteristics as boundary conditions. Overall, our findings provide support for our predictions and provide novel insights into the work-related consequences of POQ. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings are thoroughly discussed.
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有能力的鱼还是有缺陷的池塘?感知资格过高的后果、机制和调节因素的元分析
自认资格过高(POQ)历来被视为一种与负面结果相关的不理想就业状况。然而,最近的研究表明,POQ 可能对员工和组织都有积极的影响。尽管有关这一主题的文献越来越多,但学者们提出了许多将 POQ 与其工作结果联系起来的解释机制,而且报告的结果也不一致,这突出表明我们需要全面了解 POQ 为何、在何处以及对谁有利或有害。在本研究中,我们建立了一个综合理论框架,描述了 POQ 的后果、机制和调节因素。然后,我们对 POQ 文献进行了元分析回顾,分析了来自 251 个独立样本(样本数 = 87,229 个)的 704 个效应大小。通过在统一的工作动机框架内组织 POQ 研究中的主导机制,我们阐明了 POQ 引发不同工作后果的不同途径。我们进一步考虑了作为边界条件的关键文化、经济、社会人口和方法特征的作用。总之,我们的研究结果为我们的预测提供了支持,并为 POQ 的工作相关后果提供了新的见解。我们对研究结果的理论和实践意义进行了深入探讨。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
22.40
自引率
5.20%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The Journal of Management (JOM) aims to publish rigorous empirical and theoretical research articles that significantly contribute to the field of management. It is particularly interested in papers that have a strong impact on the overall management discipline. JOM also encourages the submission of novel ideas and fresh perspectives on existing research. The journal covers a wide range of areas, including business strategy and policy, organizational behavior, human resource management, organizational theory, entrepreneurship, and research methods. It provides a platform for scholars to present their work on these topics and fosters intellectual discussion and exchange in these areas.
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