High capacitance sustainable low-cost cold plasma exposed activated carbon electrode derived from orange peel waste to eco-friendly technique

IF 5.5 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI:10.1007/s42823-024-00722-4

K. A. Vijayalakshmi, K. C. Sowmiya

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Abstract

This study pioneers a transformative approach of discarded orange peels (Citrus sinensis) into highly porous carbon, demonstrating its potential application in energy storage devices. The porous carbon structure offers a substantial surface area, making it conducive for effective ion adsorption and storage, thereby enhancing capacitance. The comprehensive characterization, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and XPS verifies the material’s suitability for energy storage applications by confirming its nature, functional groups, graphitic structure, porous morphology and surface elemental compositions. Moreover, the introduced plasma treatment not only improves the material’s intensity, bending vibrations, and morphology but also increases capacitance, as evidenced by galvanostatic charge–discharge tests. The air plasma-treated carbon exhibits a noteworthy capacitance of 1916F/g at 0.05A/g in 2 M KOH electrolyte. long term cyclic stability has been conducted up to 10,000 cycles, the calculated capacitance retention and columbic efficiency is 92.7% and 97.6%. These advancements underscore the potential of utilizing activated carbon from agricultural waste in capacitors and supercapatteries, offering a sustainable solution for energy storage with enhanced performance characteristics.

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利用橘皮废料制成的高电容可持续低成本冷等离子体暴露活性炭电极的环保技术

这项研究开创了将废弃橘皮（Citrus sinensis）转化为高多孔碳的方法，证明了其在储能设备中的潜在应用。多孔碳结构具有很大的表面积，有利于有效吸附和存储离子，从而提高电容。包括 X 射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外线、拉曼光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜和 XPS 在内的综合表征证实了该材料的性质、官能团、石墨结构、多孔形态和表面元素组成，从而验证了其在储能应用中的适用性。此外，引入的等离子体处理不仅改善了材料的强度、弯曲振动和形态，还提高了电容，这一点已在电静态充放电测试中得到证实。经空气等离子体处理的碳在 2 M KOH 电解液中 0.05A/g 条件下显示出 1916F/g 的显著电容。经计算，电容保持率和电容效率分别为 92.7% 和 97.6%。这些进展凸显了在电容器和超级电池组中利用农业废弃物制成的活性炭的潜力，为具有更高性能特点的能源储存提供了一种可持续的解决方案。

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.