Temperature effects on the properties of solid carbon from natural gas pyrolysis in molten tin

IF 5.5 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1007/s42823-024-00716-2

Shashank Reddy Patlolla, Amir Sharafian, Kyle Katsu, Walter Mérida

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Abstract

Natural gas pyrolysis produces hydrogen and solid carbon at high temperatures in an oxygen-free environment. This study has evaluated the characteristics of solid carbon obtained from the pyrolysis of methane and natural gas by using molten tin (Sn) at 900–1000 °C. Material characterization outcomes revealed that solid carbon produced at 1000 °C has a spherical morphology. At this temperature, methane and natural gas pyrolysis have resulted in the arrangement of nanocrystalline carbon spheres with average sizes of 635 and 287 nm, respectively. Similarly, pyrolysis at 900 °C and 950 °C has yielded nanocrystalline carbon featuring diverse morphologies such as spheres, fibrous, and irregularly shaped particles. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that solid carbon products obtained from methane and natural gas pyrolysis at 1000 °C have higher thermal stability compared to commercial carbon black N991. Surface area analysis has indicated that solid carbon from natural gas pyrolysis at 1000 °C has 4.3- and 5.3-times higher surface area compared to the commercial carbon black N991 sample and graphite flakes, respectively. These findings offered insights into optimizing pyrolysis reactor design and operation to generate valuable solid carbon by-products while maximizing hydrogen production.

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温度对熔融锡中天然气热解固体碳特性的影响

天然气热解可在高温无氧环境下产生氢气和固体碳。本研究评估了在 900-1000 °C 温度下使用熔融锡（Sn）热解甲烷和天然气所产生的固体碳的特性。材料表征结果表明，在 1000 °C 下生成的固体碳具有球形形态。在这一温度下，甲烷和天然气热解产生了平均尺寸分别为 635 纳米和 287 纳米的纳米晶碳球。同样，在 900 ℃ 和 950 ℃ 下热解产生的纳米晶碳具有不同的形态，如球状、纤维状和不规则形状的颗粒。热重分析表明，与商用炭黑 N991 相比，在 1000 ℃ 高温分解甲烷和天然气得到的固体碳产品具有更高的热稳定性。表面积分析表明，与商用炭黑 N991 样品和石墨片相比，在 1000 ℃ 高温分解天然气得到的固体碳的表面积分别高出 4.3 倍和 5.3 倍。这些研究结果为优化热解反应器的设计和操作提供了启示，从而在最大限度地提高氢气产量的同时产生有价值的固体碳副产品。

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.