Resting cells of Skeletonema marinoi assimilate organic compounds and respire by dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in dark, anoxic conditions

IF 4.3 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Environmental microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.16625
Rickard Stenow, Elizabeth K. Robertson, Olga Kourtchenko, Martin J. Whitehouse, Matthew I. M. Pinder, Giovanna Benvenuto, Mats Töpel, Anna Godhe, Helle Ploug
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Abstract

Diatoms can survive long periods in dark, anoxic sediments by forming resting spores or resting cells. These have been considered dormant until recently when resting cells of Skeletonema marinoi were shown to assimilate nitrate and ammonium from the ambient environment in dark, anoxic conditions. Here, we show that resting cells of S. marinoi can also perform dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), in dark, anoxic conditions. Transmission electron microscope analyses showed that chloroplasts were compacted, and few large mitochondria had visible cristae within resting cells. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry and isotope ratio mass spectrometry combined with stable isotopic tracers, we measured assimilatory and dissimilatory processes carried out by resting cells of S. marinoi under dark, anoxic conditions. Nitrate was both respired by DNRA and assimilated into biomass by resting cells. Cells assimilated nitrogen from urea and carbon from acetate, both of which are sources of dissolved organic matter produced in sediments. Carbon and nitrogen assimilation rates corresponded to turnover rates of cellular carbon and nitrogen content ranging between 469 and 10,000 years. Hence, diatom resting cells can sustain their cells in dark, anoxic sediments by slowly assimilating and respiring substrates from the ambient environment.

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在黑暗缺氧条件下,海鞘的静止细胞同化有机化合物,并通过将硝酸盐还原成铵进行异纤毛呼吸
硅藻可以通过形成休眠孢子或休眠细胞在黑暗缺氧的沉积物中长期存活。这些细胞一直被认为处于休眠状态,直到最近才被证明在黑暗缺氧的条件下,海洋硅藻(Skeletonema marinoi)的休眠细胞可以同化周围环境中的硝酸盐和铵。在这里,我们发现在黑暗缺氧的条件下,海鞘藻的静止细胞也能进行硝酸盐还原氨(DNRA)的异纤吸收。透射电子显微镜分析表明,静止细胞内的叶绿体被压缩,很少有大线粒体具有可见的嵴。利用二级离子质谱法和同位素比质谱法以及稳定同位素示踪剂,我们测量了海牛静息细胞在黑暗缺氧条件下的同化作用和异化作用过程。硝酸盐既被 DNRA 呼吸,也被静止细胞同化为生物质。细胞从尿素中同化氮,从醋酸盐中同化碳,这两种物质都是沉积物中产生的溶解有机物的来源。碳和氮的同化率与细胞碳和氮含量的周转率一致,介于 469 年和 10,000 年之间。因此,硅藻静止细胞可以通过缓慢同化和呼吸环境中的基质来维持其细胞在黑暗缺氧沉积物中的生存。
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来源期刊
Environmental microbiology
Environmental microbiology 环境科学-微生物学
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
427
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens
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