Assessment of Some Agrochemical Types on the Biochemical Composition of Tomato’s Cultivars (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

Enhancing fruit quality through the application of contemporary agrochemicals that regulate physiological and biochemical processes in plants is a pressing concern in present circumstances. The effect of foliar application of 04 agrochemicals (Agricola, Aminofol, Aminovit, Speefol) on the quality of 04 plum-shaped tomato varieties (Cobra26F₁, Heinz3402F₁, SisterF₁, Rio Grande) cultivated on light chestnut soils under drip irrigation was carry out in the north of the Astrakhan region within a strongly continental climate zone from 2018 to 2020. The study revealed that varying agrochemicals have an impact on the quality parameters of tomato fruit. In the Cobra 26 F₁ hybrid, foliar treatments led to a rise in the fruit's dry matter content, from 0.24% in the aminofol variant to 0.49% in the Agricola variant. Additionally, sugar content increased by 0.20-0.23% in the Agricola treatments and by 0.06-0.33% in the Aminovit treatments, for both the Cobra 26 F₁ and Sister F₁ hybrids. Application of various agrochemicals on leaves resulted in an increased mass fraction of vitamin C in Heinz 3402 F₁ hybrids, specifically on variants treated with Aminovit and Agricola by 2.21 and 3.81 mg/100 g respectively. For hybrid Sister F₁, only the variant treated with Agricola showed an increase of 1.79 mg/100g. In the case of variety Rio Grande, all variants showed an increase in vitamin C, ranging from 0.03 on the Aminovit-treated variant to 8.84 on the Aminofol-treated variant. The fruit of both the Heinz 3402 F₁ hybrid and the Rio Grande variety exhibited an increase in carotene content, from 0.10 to 0.24 mg% and 0.02 to 0.04 mg%, respectively. Additionally, fruit acidity was reduced. As a conclusion the applied agrochemicals have different effects on the content of dry matter.