Fuel cells: Materials needs and advances

IF 4.1 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Mrs Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI:10.1557/s43577-024-00722-9
Zongping Shao, Meng Ni
{"title":"Fuel cells: Materials needs and advances","authors":"Zongping Shao, Meng Ni","doi":"10.1557/s43577-024-00722-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fuel cells are highly efficient electrochemical energy-conversion devices with a wide application potential, spanning from portable power sources to stationary power generation. They are typically categorized according to their operating temperature, for example, low temperature (&lt;100°C), intermediate temperature (450‒800°C) and high temperature (&gt;800°C). Recently, reduced temperature fuel cells operating at 200‒400°C have also received considerable attention for their multiple benefits. A single fuel cell is composed of a porous anode for fuel oxidation, a dense electrolyte for ion transportation, and a porous cathode for oxygen reduction. Due to their different functions and operating environments, each layer of the cell faces unique materials requirements in terms of ionic and electronic conductivity, chemical and mechanical stability, thermal expansion, etc. This article gives a thorough perspective on the challenges and recent advances in anode, electrolyte, and cathode materials for the various types of fuel cells. Emerging fuel cells operating at 200‒400°C are also discussed and commented. Finally, the key areas of need and major opportunities for further research in the field are outlined.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":18828,"journal":{"name":"Mrs Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mrs Bulletin","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-024-00722-9","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Fuel cells are highly efficient electrochemical energy-conversion devices with a wide application potential, spanning from portable power sources to stationary power generation. They are typically categorized according to their operating temperature, for example, low temperature (<100°C), intermediate temperature (450‒800°C) and high temperature (>800°C). Recently, reduced temperature fuel cells operating at 200‒400°C have also received considerable attention for their multiple benefits. A single fuel cell is composed of a porous anode for fuel oxidation, a dense electrolyte for ion transportation, and a porous cathode for oxygen reduction. Due to their different functions and operating environments, each layer of the cell faces unique materials requirements in terms of ionic and electronic conductivity, chemical and mechanical stability, thermal expansion, etc. This article gives a thorough perspective on the challenges and recent advances in anode, electrolyte, and cathode materials for the various types of fuel cells. Emerging fuel cells operating at 200‒400°C are also discussed and commented. Finally, the key areas of need and major opportunities for further research in the field are outlined.

Graphical abstract

Abstract Image

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
燃料电池:材料需求和进展
燃料电池是一种高效的电化学能量转换装置,具有广泛的应用潜力,从便携式电源到固定式发电,无所不包。燃料电池通常根据工作温度进行分类,例如低温(100°C)、中温(450-800°C)和高温(800°C)。最近,工作温度在 200-400°C 的低温燃料电池也因其多重优势而受到广泛关注。单个燃料电池由用于燃料氧化的多孔阳极、用于离子传输的致密电解质和用于氧还原的多孔阴极组成。由于功能和工作环境不同,电池的每一层在离子和电子传导性、化学和机械稳定性、热膨胀等方面都面临着独特的材料要求。本文将从一个透彻的角度,介绍各种类型燃料电池在阳极、电解质和阴极材料方面所面临的挑战和最新进展。此外,还对工作温度为 200-400°C 的新兴燃料电池进行了讨论和评论。最后,概述了该领域进一步研究的关键需求领域和主要机遇。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Mrs Bulletin
Mrs Bulletin 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
2.00%
发文量
193
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: MRS Bulletin is one of the most widely recognized and highly respected publications in advanced materials research. Each month, the Bulletin provides a comprehensive overview of a specific materials theme, along with industry and policy developments, and MRS and materials-community news and events. Written by leading experts, the overview articles are useful references for specialists, but are also presented at a level understandable to a broad scientific audience.
期刊最新文献
Bone-inspired dynamically adaptive materials: Current efforts and future opportunities Tensile testing in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen using the hollow specimen method Grain refinement and precipitation strengthening in austenitic steels through Cu addition Posttranslational modifications in spider silk influence conformation and dimerization dynamics Hybrid halide perovskites, a game changer for future solar energy?
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1