Regional variations and sex-related differences of stiffness in human tracheal ligaments

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI:10.1007/s00276-024-03361-6

Kaori Fukushige, Tomohito Okubo, Xiyao Shan, Takao Takeuchi, Noriyuki Misaki, Munekazu Naito

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Abstract

Purpose

There have been numerous studies focused on the stiffness of tracheal cartilage. However, no research has been conducted specifically on the annular ligament, nor have any regional differences in the annular ligament been identified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stiffness of the ligaments present between the thyroid, cricoid and tracheal cartilages.

Methods

The ligaments were identified in the cervical region of living subjects with ultrasonography. The stiffness of the ligaments was measured from the body surface using a digital palpation device (MyotonPRO). Since it is impossible to measure the entire trachea in a living subject, an additional measurement was performed on human cadavers.

Results

Both in vivo and cadaveric investigations found that the stiffness of annular ligaments decreased gradually from the superior to inferior parts. There was no difference in the stiffness between males and females in the superior part of the trachea. However, the stiffness of the middle and inferior parts was predominantly higher in females than in males. Furthermore, males showed significant differences in stiffness between the superior and middle parts, while females showed no significant differences.

Conclusion

These results reveal that there are regional and sex-related differences in the stiffness of human tracheal ligaments.

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人体气管韧带硬度的区域差异和性别差异

目的：关于气管软骨硬度的研究不胜枚举。但是，还没有专门针对环状韧带的研究，也没有发现环状韧带的区域性差异。本研究的目的是调查存在于甲状软骨、环状软骨和气管软骨之间的韧带的硬度。使用数字触诊器（MyotonPRO）从体表测量韧带的硬度。由于无法在活体上测量整个气管，因此在人体尸体上进行了额外的测量。结果活体和尸体研究发现，环状韧带的硬度从上部到下部逐渐降低。男性和女性气管上部的硬度没有差异。但是，女性气管中部和下部的硬度主要高于男性。结论：这些结果表明，人体气管韧带的硬度存在区域和性别差异。

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来源期刊

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY-RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

14.30%

发文量

183

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Anatomy is a morphological science which cannot fail to interest the clinician. The practical application of anatomical research to clinical problems necessitates special adaptation and selectivity in choosing from numerous international works. Although there is a tendency to believe that meaningful advances in anatomy are unlikely, constant revision is necessary. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, the first international journal of Clinical anatomy has been created in this spirit. Its goal is to serve clinicians, regardless of speciality-physicians, surgeons, radiologists or other specialists-as an indispensable aid with which they can improve their knowledge of anatomy. Each issue includes: Original papers, review articles, articles on the anatomical bases of medical, surgical and radiological techniques, articles of normal radiologic anatomy, brief reviews of anatomical publications of clinical interest. Particular attention is given to high quality illustrations, which are indispensable for a better understanding of anatomical problems. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy is a journal written by anatomists for clinicians with a special interest in anatomy.