Who continued travelling by public transport during COVID-19? Socioeconomic factors explaining travel behaviour in Stockholm 2020 based on smart card data.

IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 European Transport Research Review Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-07 DOI:10.1186/s12544-021-00488-0
Erik Almlöf, Isak Rubensson, Matej Cebecauer, Erik Jenelius
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Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed travel behaviour and reduced the use of public transport throughout the world, but the reduction has not been uniform. In this study we analyse the propensity to stop travelling by public transport during COVID-19 for the holders of 1.8 million smart cards in Stockholm, Sweden, for the spring and autumn of 2020. We suggest two binomial logit models for explaining the change in travel pattern, linking socioeconomic data per area and travel data with the probability to stop travelling.

Modelled variables: The first model investigates the impact of the socioeconomic factors: age; income; education level; gender; housing type; population density; country of origin; and employment level. The results show that decreases in public transport use are linked to all these factors.The second model groups the investigated areas into five distinct clusters based on the socioeconomic data, showing the impacts for different socioeconomic groups. During the autumn the differences between the groups diminished, and especially Cluster 1 (with the lowest education levels, lowest income and highest share of immigrants) reduced their public transport use to a similar level as the more affluent clusters.

Results: The results show that socioeconomic status affect the change in behaviour during the pandemic and that exposure to the virus is determined by citizens' socioeconomic class. Furthermore, the results can guide policy into tailoring public transport supply to where the need is, instead of assuming that e.g. crowding is equally distributed within the public transport system in the event of a pandemic.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12544-021-00488-0.

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谁在 COVID-19 期间继续乘坐公共交通工具?基于智能卡数据解释斯德哥尔摩 2020 年出行行为的社会经济因素。
导言:COVID-19 大流行改变了全世界的旅行行为,减少了公共交通的使用,但减少的程度并不一致。在本研究中,我们分析了瑞典斯德哥尔摩 180 万智能卡持有者在 COVID-19 期间于 2020 年春秋两季停止乘坐公共交通工具的倾向。我们提出了两个二叉对数模型来解释出行模式的变化,将每个地区的社会经济数据和出行数据与停止出行的概率联系起来:第一个模型研究了社会经济因素的影响:年龄、收入、教育水平、性别、住房类型、人口密度、原籍国和就业水平。第二个模型根据社会经济数据将调查地区划分为五个不同的组群,显示不同社会经济群体受到的影响。在秋季,各组之间的差异减小,尤其是第一组(教育水平最低、收入最低、移民比例最高),其公共交通使用率降低到了与较富裕组相似的水平:结果:研究结果表明,社会经济地位会影响人们在大流行病期间的行为变化,而公民的社会经济阶层则决定了他们对病毒的接触程度。此外,研究结果还可以指导政策制定,使公共交通供应满足需求,而不是假设在发生大流行病时,公共交通系统内的拥挤程度是平均分布的:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1186/s12544-021-00488-0。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
European Transport Research Review
European Transport Research Review Engineering-Mechanical Engineering
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
4.70%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: European Transport Research Review (ETRR) is a peer-reviewed open access journal publishing original high-quality scholarly research and developments in areas related to transportation science, technologies, policy and practice. Established in 2008 by the European Conference of Transport Research Institutes (ECTRI), the Journal provides researchers and practitioners around the world with an authoritative forum for the dissemination and critical discussion of new ideas and methodologies that originate in, or are of special interest to, the European transport research community. The journal is unique in its field, as it covers all modes of transport and addresses both the engineering and the social science perspective, offering a truly multidisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners, engineers and policymakers. ETRR is aimed at a readership including researchers, practitioners in the design and operation of transportation systems, and policymakers at the international, national, regional and local levels.
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