Comparing Apples and Oranges: Advances in Disease Resistance Breeding of Woody Perennial Fruit Crops.

IF 9.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Annual review of phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1146/annurev-phyto-021622-120124
Awais Khan, Anže Švara, Nian Wang
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Abstract

Apple and citrus are perennial tree fruit crops that are vital for nutritional security and agricultural economy and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Apple scab and fire blight, along with Huanglongbing, canker, and tristeza virus, stand out as their most notorious diseases and annually destabilize fruit supply. An environmentally sound approach to managing these diseases is improving tree resistance through breeding and biotechnology. Perennial fruit tree germplasm collections are distributed globally and offer untapped potential as sources of resistance. However, long juvenility, specific pollination and flowering habits, and extensive outcrossing hinder apple and citrus breeding. Advances in breeding approaches include trans- and cis-genesis, genome editing, and rapid-cycle breeding, which, in addition to conventional crossbreeding, can all facilitate accelerated integration of resistance into elite germplasm. In addition, the global pool of available sources of resistance can be characterized by the existing genetic mapping and gene expression studies for accurate discovery of associated loci, genes, and markers to efficiently include these sources in breeding efforts. We discuss and propose a multitude of approaches to overcome the challenges of breeding for resistance in woody perennials and outline a technical path to reduce the time required for the ultimate deployment of disease-resistant cultivars.

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苹果和橘子的比较:多年生木本果树抗病育种的进展。
苹果和柑橘是多年生树果作物,对营养安全和农业经济以及实现联合国可持续发展目标至关重要。苹果疮痂病和火疫病,以及黄龙病、腐烂病和三叶虫病毒是它们最臭名昭著的病害,每年都会破坏水果供应的稳定。通过育种和生物技术提高果树的抗病能力是管理这些病害的一种环保方法。多年生果树种质资源遍布全球,作为抗性来源的潜力尚待开发。然而,苹果和柑橘的幼树期长、特定的授粉和开花习性以及广泛的外交阻碍了它们的育种工作。育种方法的进步包括反式和顺式育种、基因组编辑和快速循环育种,除了传统的杂交育种外,这些方法都能促进抗性加速整合到精英种质中。此外,现有的基因图谱和基因表达研究可对全球现有抗性来源进行定性,以准确发现相关基因座、基因和标记,从而有效地将这些抗性来源纳入育种工作中。我们讨论并提出了克服多年生木本植物抗性育种挑战的多种方法,并概述了缩短抗病栽培品种最终部署所需时间的技术路线。
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来源期刊
Annual review of phytopathology
Annual review of phytopathology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
16.60
自引率
1.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Phytopathology, established in 1963, covers major advancements in plant pathology, including plant disease diagnosis, pathogens, host-pathogen Interactions, epidemiology and ecology, breeding for resistance and plant disease management, and includes a special section on the development of concepts. The journal is now open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, with articles published under a CC BY license.
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