Clinical characteristics and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy in Sudanese patients

Nuha M. Muhjoub, Saif H. Alrasheed, Yazan Gammoh, Abdelaziz M. Elmadina
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Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss and preventable blindness, particularly in middle- and high-income countries.Aim: This study aimed to assess the characteristics and associated factors of DR in Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Setting: A cross-sectional hospital-based study included 119 patients with type 2 DM was conducted at EL-Walidain Eye Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from February 2021 to May 2021.Methods: A non-mydriatic digital fundus camera was used for fundus photography, and Scottish Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Scheme was used for the final classification of DR.Results: Females comprised 53.8% of patients, mean age of 58.8 ± 8.5 years. Uncontrolled DM was found in 37.8% with a mean duration of 10.5 ± 4.8 years. Myopia was the most common refractive error found in 57.8% of the uncontrolled group, followed by emmetropia (17.8%). Whereas in the controlled group, 47.3% were hyperopic and 39.2% were myopic. Maculopathy grade M1 was found to be 37.8% in the uncontrolled group and 18.9% in the controlled group, with no significant difference (p = 0.361). Conversely, the difference in retinopathy between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.043).Conclusion: Decreased vision and increased retinopathy were associated with an increase in patients’ age. More widespread diabetes awareness and screening programmes to improve diabetes management and control in Sudan and other developing countries.Contribution: This study observed maculopathy grade M1 and myopia were more common in uncontrolled DM, and vision function was inversely correlated with age (p  0.05).
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苏丹患者糖尿病视网膜病变的临床特征和相关因素
背景:糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是视力丧失和可预防性失明的主要原因,尤其是在中等收入和高收入国家。目的:本研究旨在评估苏丹2型糖尿病(DM)患者中DR的特征和相关因素:方法:对苏丹喀土穆 EL-Walidain 眼科医院的 119 名 2 型糖尿病(DM)患者进行非眼球屈光数字眼底检查:使用非眼球震颤数字眼底照相机进行眼底摄影,并使用苏格兰糖尿病视网膜病变分级方案对 DR 进行最终分类:女性患者占 53.8%,平均年龄为 58.8 ± 8.5 岁。未控制的糖尿病患者占 37.8%,平均病程(10.5 ± 4.8)年。在未控制组中,57.8%的患者最常见的屈光不正是近视,其次是散光(17.8%)。而在控制组中,47.3%为远视,39.2%为近视。黄斑病变 M1 级在未控制组中占 37.8%,在控制组中占 18.9%,差异不显著(P = 0.361)。相反,两组视网膜病变的差异有统计学意义(p = 0.043):结论:视力下降和视网膜病变增加与患者年龄增加有关。苏丹和其他发展中国家需要更广泛的糖尿病宣传和筛查计划,以改善糖尿病管理和控制:本研究观察到,M1 级黄斑病变和近视在未得到控制的糖尿病患者中更为常见,视力功能与年龄成反比(P 0.05)。
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来源期刊
African Vision and Eye Health
African Vision and Eye Health Health Professions-Optometry
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
46
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