Common Fallacies in Speaking and Writing … and What to Do about Them

Ubiquity Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1145/3663588
P. Yaffe
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Abstract

Each "Communication Corner" essay is self-contained; however, they build on each other. For best results, before reading this essay and doing the exercise, go to the first essay "How an Ugly Duckling Became a Swan," then read each succeeding essay. Expository (non-fiction) speaking and writing are almost always about trying to affect the audience's opinion or perception of something. The best communicators do so by presenting logical explanations supported by verifiable facts. Less diligent communicators do so by presenting logically fallible explanations supported by questionable facts. Sadly, they often do so not because they are dishonest, but rather it is because they themselves are unaware that this is what they are doing.
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演讲和写作中的常见谬误......以及如何应对这些谬误
每篇 "交流角 "文章都是自成一体的,但它们又是相互联系的。为了达到最佳效果,在阅读这篇文章和做练习之前,请先阅读第一篇文章 "丑小鸭如何变成天鹅",然后再阅读后面的每篇文章。说明性(非虚构)演讲和写作几乎总是试图影响听众对某事的观点或看法。最优秀的传播者通过提出有可证实事实支持的逻辑解释来达到这一目的。不那么勤奋的传播者则是通过提出逻辑错误的解释并辅以可疑的事实。可悲的是,他们这样做往往不是因为他们不诚实,而是因为他们自己没有意识到他们正在这样做。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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