Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Resources and Waste Quantities from Buildings (as Urban Mining Potential) Generated by the European Metropolis of Lille: A Methodology Coupling Data from Construction and Demolition Permits with Geographic Information Systems

IF 4.3 3区 材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI:10.3390/resources13060076
Cédric Mpié Simba, Emmanuel Lemelin
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Abstract

The aim of this article was to conduct a spatial and territorial analysis of the urban mining potential of the European Metropolis of Lille (MEL), which had 1,174,273 inhabitants in 2018. This involved quantifying construction and demolition waste (CDW) deposits and analyzing their spatial distribution. The chosen quantification approach utilized building and demolition permits as input data, along with waste diagnostics for Construction and Building Materials Products (CBMPs) obtained from stakeholders in the building sector. Waste quantities were estimated using the production rate calculation method (GRC). Specifically, the calculation based on surface area combined with GIS geographic information systems. CDW quantities were categorized by demolition rehabilitation and construction; by type (hazardous non-hazardous inert); and by urban fabric. For the MEL area, the findings revealed that building sites covered the largest surface area, with over 8 million m² being constructed between 2013 and 2022. The construction activity, including renovation, is expected to constitute approximately 20% of the MEL’s building stock from 2013 to 2022. During the same period, 5.51% of the MEL’s building stock was demolished. This corresponds to nearly 6 million tons of CDW being generated during this period, averaging 661318 tons per year. Demolition sites contributed 73% of the total CDW production, compared to 22% for new construction and 4% for renovation sites. Inert waste continued to dominate the composition of waste, accounting for 90% of the total with 9% for non-hazardous waste and 1% for hazardous waste. Semi-detached and grouped houses business fabrics and townhouses or collective fabrics were identified as the primary type of waste-producing urban fabrics. Furthermore, our GIS-based methodology enabled the analysis of CDW quantity distribution by municipality, providing essential data for understanding the urban mining potential and the disparity between construction material requirements for new buildings and resources derived from building demolition. This approach facilitates the assessment of (1) a geographical area’s reliance on construction materials, and (2) the significance of reusing and recycling products equipment materials and waste (PEMW) in new construction to achieve circular economy objectives and to comply with the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) channel initiated in France in 2023. Over the period from 2013 to 2022, annual construction material requirements remained significantly higher than resources from building demolition and rehabilitation, ranging between 29% and 35%. Additionally, the analysis indicated a potential 41% rate of substitution of new construction materials with secondary primary materials in the MEL, varying by municipality and typology, with higher rates in rural communities and lower rates in urban communities.
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对欧洲大都市里尔产生的建筑物资源和废物数量(作为城市采矿潜力)的时空分析:将建筑和拆除许可数据与地理信息系统相结合的方法论
本文旨在对欧洲大都市里尔(MEL)的城市采矿潜力进行空间和地域分析,里尔在2018年拥有1,174,273名居民。这包括量化建筑和拆除废物(CDW)沉积物并分析其空间分布。所选择的量化方法利用建筑和拆除许可证作为输入数据,以及从建筑行业利益相关者处获得的建筑和建材产品(CBMP)废物诊断数据。废物数量采用生产率计算法(GRC)进行估算。具体来说,该计算方法基于表面积并结合 GIS 地理信息系统。按拆除、修复和建筑、按类型(有害、无害、惰性)、按城市结构对 CDW 数量进行了分类。研究结果表明,在环境优化区域,建筑工地占地面积最大,在2013年至2022年期间将建造超过800万平方米的建筑。从 2013 年到 2022 年,包括翻新在内的建筑活动预计将占 MEL 建筑总量的 20%左右。同期,5.51% 的国土环境部建筑被拆除。这相当于在此期间产生了近 600 万吨的拆建废料,平均每年 661318 吨。拆除场地产生的固体废物占固体废物总量的73%,而新建建筑和翻新场地分别占22%和4%。惰性废物仍然是废物构成中的主要成分,占总量的 90%,其中 9%为无害废物,1%为有害废物。半独立式和组合式住宅商业建筑以及联排别墅或集体建筑被确定为产生垃圾的主要城市建筑类型。此外,我们采用基于地理信息系统(GIS)的方法分析了各城市的可回收废弃物数量分布,为了解城市采矿潜力以及新建建筑对建筑材料的需求与拆除建筑所产生的资源之间的差距提供了重要数据。这种方法有助于评估(1)一个地理区域对建筑材料的依赖程度,以及(2)在新建筑中再利用和回收产品设备材料和废物(PEMW)的重要性,以实现循环经济目标,并符合法国于 2023 年启动的生产者责任延伸(EPR)渠道。在 2013 年至 2022 年期间,每年的建筑材料需求量仍大大高于建筑拆除和修复所产生的资源量,介于 29% 和 35% 之间。此外,分析表明,在 MEL 中,用二次初级材料替代新型建筑材料的潜在比例为 41%,因城市和类型而异,农村社区的替代率较高,城市社区的替代率较低。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.30%
发文量
567
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Electronic Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of electronic materials. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials science, engineering, optics, physics, and chemistry into important applications of electronic materials. Sample research topics that span the journal's scope are inorganic, organic, ionic and polymeric materials with properties that include conducting, semiconducting, superconducting, insulating, dielectric, magnetic, optoelectronic, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and thermoelectric. Indexed/​Abstracted: Web of Science SCIE Scopus CAS INSPEC Portico
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