Armed Federalism, Gun Markets, and the Right to Bear Arms in the United States

Jonathan Obert
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Abstract

This article argues that fragmented and varied regulatory, cultural, and electoral responses to guns and gun rights in the contemporary United States are a result of two long-standing features of American political life––its tradition of armed federalism and its unique, domestically oriented market for small firearms. As a result of the intersection of these two phenomena, the past 150 years have seen the growth of a fragmentary regulatory response to firearms on the part of local, state, and federal jurisdictions; the emergence of an organized national gun-rights movement; and, most significantly, the ascendance of a legal strategy by supporters of gun-rights constitutionalism. Only by examining the historical contingencies of American political institutions and markets does the contested transformation of a “right to bear arms” into gun rights make sense.
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美国的武装联邦制、枪支市场和持枪权
本文认为,当代美国在枪支和枪支权利方面零散而多样的监管、文化和选举对策是美国政治生活两个长期存在的特征--武装联邦制传统及其独特的、面向国内的小型枪支市场--的结果。由于这两种现象的交织,在过去的 150 年中,地方、州和联邦司法机构对枪支的零散监管措施逐渐增多;出现了有组织的全国性枪支权利运动;最重要的是,枪支权利宪法主义支持者的法律策略也逐渐兴起。只有对美国政治体制和市场的历史偶然性进行研究,"持枪权 "向枪支权利的转变才有意义。
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