Water quality, physicochemical, heavy metal content, and health risk assessment of borehole-water from selected mining communities in Ghana

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Groundwater for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101230
Charity Owusu , Albert Ofori , Frank Adusei-Mensah , David Kwesi Dodoo , David K. Essumang
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Abstract

Unregulated mining drives considerable long-term soil and water pollution with increased health risks to humans and other organisms. The main objective of this study is to assess the water quality, physicochemical parameters, heavy metal content, and health risks of borehole water from selected mining communities in Ghana. Quality parameters of 56 borehole water samples collected from 19 mining communities in the Amansie West District, Ghana were carried out. The study is one of the few studies to be carried out in the district because of its breadth of communities, depth of analysis, and scale of health risk assessments performed. Physicochemical parameters including pH, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, and color were evaluated using standard and appropriate methods. Additionally, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury were evaluated using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Observed mean physicochemical parameters varied from 5.1 to 6.5 pH, 59.3 to 325 μS/cm conductivity, 1.4 to 86.4 NTU turbidity, 32.5–214 mg/L total dissolved solids, and 2.5–250 Hz color. Also, the mean concentration of the heavy metals varied from 1.6 ± 2.24 to 169.14 ± 2.18 μg/L arsenic, 0.6 ± 2.24 to 6.0 ± 0.71 μg/L cadmium, 1.25 ± 2.00 to 15.60 ± 1.11 μg/L lead and 0.025 ± 2.00 to 3.33 ± 0.17 μg/L mercury. There was no statistically significant link between arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury at 0.05 concentrations predicting source diversities. Though some samples met WHO quality standards, others were unsafe with increased health risks due to color, turbidity, acidity, and high arsenic issues. In conclusion, this study observed an increased health risk in some selected sampled communities due to exposure to mining-influenced contaminations from heavy metals and particulate matter. This implies that without urgent mining waste disposal regulations, scarcity of quality water and increased risk to health issues could be imminent.

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加纳部分采矿社区井水的水质、理化、重金属含量和健康风险评估
无节制的采矿造成了严重的长期土壤和水污染,增加了对人类和其他生物的健康风险。本研究的主要目的是评估加纳部分采矿社区井水的水质、理化参数、重金属含量和健康风险。研究人员对从加纳阿曼西区 19 个采矿社区采集的 56 个井水样本进行了水质参数检测。这项研究是在该地区开展的为数不多的研究之一,因为它涉及的社区范围广、分析深度大、健康风险评估规模大。采用标准和适当的方法对 pH 值、电导率、浑浊度、总溶解固体和颜色等理化参数进行了评估。此外,还使用原子吸收光谱仪对砷、镉、铅和汞进行了评估。观察到的平均理化参数为:pH 值 5.1 至 6.5,电导率 59.3 至 325 μS/cm,浊度 1.4 至 86.4 NTU,总溶解固体 32.5 至 214 mg/L,色度 2.5 至 250 Hz。此外,重金属的平均浓度在 1.6 ± 2.24 至 169.14 ± 2.18 μg/L 砷、0.6 ± 2.24 至 6.0 ± 0.71 μg/L 镉、1.25 ± 2.00 至 15.60 ± 1.11 μg/L 铅和 0.025 ± 2.00 至 3.33 ± 0.17 μg/L 汞之间变化。在 0.05 浓度下,砷、镉、铅和汞之间没有统计学意义上的联系,无法预测来源的多样性。虽然一些样本符合世界卫生组织的质量标准,但其他样本由于颜色、浑浊度、酸度和高砷问题而不安全,增加了健康风险。总之,这项研究发现,在一些选定的采样社区,由于暴露于采矿影响的重金属和颗粒物污染,健康风险增加。这意味着,如果不紧急制定采矿废物处理法规,优质水的稀缺和健康风险的增加可能迫在眉睫。
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来源期刊
Groundwater for Sustainable Development
Groundwater for Sustainable Development Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
10.20%
发文量
152
期刊介绍: Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.
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