Jacob Pantling , Katherine Cartlidge , M. Grae Worster , Shaun D. Fitzgerald
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The Arctic is melting rapidly and is more than 75% likely to experience its first ice-free summer by 2060 even if a pathway of 1.5 °C with overshoot is achieved (Dunne, 2019). The loss of Arctic ice could have a severe impact on the climate. Therefore, targeted action in the Arctic is required. The proposed method examined herein is Ice Volcanoes: pumping seawater onto the ice in winter so that it freezes faster and the ice can survive the following summer months. Thickening ice by pumping water over its surface is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The change in thickness of the ice with water flowing over its surface is modelled for channel flow. Short time scales are considered during which the dominant heat transfers are advection from water to the water–ice interface and conduction through the ice away from the interface. At short time scales the rates of heat transfer by advection and radiation to the atmosphere are much smaller and so not considered. Advection of heat by the water is modelled for three flows: an inviscid flow without a thermal boundary layer; an inviscid flow with a thermal boundary layer; and a viscous shear flow with a thermal boundary layer. The three models are assessed in the context of experimental results for water injected at 0.5 °C and 0.8 °C. The viscous shear flow with a thermal boundary layer is found to be the most accurate when compared with experimental results. However, the models do not accurately predict the experimental data for water injected onto the ice at 2 °C. Potential reasons for this are discussed. Finally, the paper concludes with suggestions for further work and some implications for ice volcanoes.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Thermal Sciences is a journal devoted to the publication of fundamental studies on the physics of transfer processes in general, with an emphasis on thermal aspects and also applied research on various processes, energy systems and the environment. Articles are published in English and French, and are subject to peer review.
The fundamental subjects considered within the scope of the journal are:
* Heat and relevant mass transfer at all scales (nano, micro and macro) and in all types of material (heterogeneous, composites, biological,...) and fluid flow
* Forced, natural or mixed convection in reactive or non-reactive media
* Single or multi–phase fluid flow with or without phase change
* Near–and far–field radiative heat transfer
* Combined modes of heat transfer in complex systems (for example, plasmas, biological, geological,...)
* Multiscale modelling
The applied research topics include:
* Heat exchangers, heat pipes, cooling processes
* Transport phenomena taking place in industrial processes (chemical, food and agricultural, metallurgical, space and aeronautical, automobile industries)
* Nano–and micro–technology for energy, space, biosystems and devices
* Heat transport analysis in advanced systems
* Impact of energy–related processes on environment, and emerging energy systems
The study of thermophysical properties of materials and fluids, thermal measurement techniques, inverse methods, and the developments of experimental methods are within the scope of the International Journal of Thermal Sciences which also covers the modelling, and numerical methods applied to thermal transfer.