Anemia Prevalence and Socioeconomic Status among Adolescent Girls in Rural Western India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.4314/ejhs.v34i1.7
Manisha Nitin Gore, Madeline Elizabeth Drozd, Reshma Sudhir Patil
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Abstract

Background: Anemia poses a significant challenge among Indian adolescent girls due to their heightened vulnerability, resulting from increased micronutrient requirements, rapid physical growth, menstrual blood loss, inadequate nutrition, and socioeconomic disparities. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of anemia, along with socioeconomic and nutritional statuses among adolescent girls attending rural public schools in Pune, India.

Methods: A sample of 400 girls was selected from 22 villages through Symbiosis International University. Hemoglobin levels were assessed using the HemoCue 201 system, while standardized protocols were employed for height, weight, and BMI-for-age measurements. Socioeconomic status was determined using the Kuppuswamy scale.

Results: The findings revealed an overall anemia prevalence of (42.75%), comprising severe (2.5%), moderate (21%) and mild (20.25%) cases. Additionally, a substantial proportion (74.6%) of girls were classified as underweight. Socioeconomic analysis disclosed that 64.25% of families belonged to the lower middle class, and 27% in the upper lower class. Anemia was more prevalent in young adolescent girls (10-14 years) and in the families of adolescents who had low income, were illiterate, unemployed, and belonged to the lower-middle class and upper-lower-class socio-economic status (SES) and did not have a bank account.

Conclusion: Anemia was prevalent in adolescent girls and associated with low SES. This study underscores the limitations of relying solely on the distribution of iron and folic acid tablets to combat anemia. A holistic strategy is imperative, encompassing improvements in SES of families (literacy, employment and income), as well as initiatives aimed at enhancing the nutritional status of adolescent girls.

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印度西部农村地区少女的贫血患病率和社会经济地位:一项横断面研究。
背景:印度少女由于对微量营养素的需求增加、身体快速发育、月经失血、营养不足以及社会经济差异等原因,更容易患上贫血症,这给她们带来了巨大的挑战。本研究旨在评估印度浦那农村公立学校少女的贫血患病率以及社会经济和营养状况:方法:通过共生国际大学从 22 个村庄选取了 400 名女孩作为样本。血红蛋白水平使用 HemoCue 201 系统进行评估,身高、体重和按年龄计算的体重指数则采用标准化方案进行测量。社会经济状况采用 Kuppuswamy 量表进行测定:结果:研究结果显示,总体贫血患病率为(42.75%),包括重度贫血(2.5%)、中度贫血(21%)和轻度贫血(20.25%)。此外,相当大比例(74.6%)的女孩被归类为体重不足。社会经济分析显示,64.25%的家庭属于中下层阶级,27%属于上下层阶级。贫血症在少女(10-14 岁)和低收入、文盲、失业、属于中下层和中上层社会经济地位(SES)且没有银行账户的青少年家庭中更为普遍:结论:贫血在少女中很普遍,且与社会经济地位低有关。这项研究强调了仅仅依靠发放铁和叶酸片来防治贫血的局限性。当务之急是采取综合战略,包括提高家庭的社会经济地位(识字率、就业率和收入),以及采取旨在改善少女营养状况的措施。
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来源期刊
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
8.30%
发文量
137
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences is a general health science journal addressing clinical medicine, public health and biomedical sciences. Rarely, it covers veterinary medicine
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