Managing Integrated NPSB Fertilizers and Farmyard Manure to Improve the Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Yield in Guraferda Districts, Southwest Ethiopia

Russian Agricultural Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI:10.3103/s1068367424700149

Fessha Alemu, Tesfaye Lishan

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Abstract

Sesame is an important oil and cash crop produced in Ethiopia. However, its productivity is low due to poor agronomic practice like inappropriate use of fertilizers. The study was conducted at Gurafarda districts, under farmer field in 2021 cropping season to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on sesame yield improvement. The experiment consisted three levels of FYM (0, 5 and 10 t/ha), four levels of NPSB fertilizers (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg NPSB/ha). It was laid out as RCBD in a factorial arrangement with three replications. Agronomic data were collected and analyzed. The showed that interaction effect of FYM and NPSB fertilizers significantly increased days to 50% flowering and 75% maturity days, plant height, number of primary branches/plants, productive capsule per plants, above ground biomass and seed yield. 1000 seed weight harvest index were affected by their main effects. The longest days to flowering (47.66) and maturity (109.16) days were observed from application of 10 t FYM + 150 kg N PSB/ha; and the shortest flowering and maturity (36.66 and 95) days were recorded from control treatments, respectively. The maximum and minimum number of primary branches (5.5, 2.96)/plant was obtained at the highest levels and zero application of FYM and NPSB respectively. The tallest and shortest plants (180.8 cm, 92.75) were recorded from application of 10 t FYM + 150 kg NPSB/ha and nil application of FYM and NPSB respectively. Moreover, combination of 10 t FYM/ha with 50 kg NPSB /ha resulted in maximum seed yield (652.3) kg/ha and aboveground biomass (4529.09) kg/ha, was recorded from 10 t FYM + 150 kg NPSB/ha; which was in statistical parity with application of 10 t FYM + 100 kg/ha NPSB. The highest net benefit (49 996.3 ETB) and the highest marginal rate of return (16 323.2%) were obtained from combined application of 10t FYM and 50 kg NPSB fertilizers/ha, thus, it could be concluded that application of farmyard manure at the rate of 10 t/ha with + 50 kg NPSB ha^–1 resulted in economic benefit, implying that farmers in the study area should make a choice of this farmyard manure and NPSB fertilizer rate for enhancing production of the crop and increase their household income.

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综合管理 NPSB 肥料和农家肥，提高埃塞俄比亚西南部 Guraferda 地区的芝麻产量

摘要芝麻是埃塞俄比亚生产的重要油料和经济作物。然而，由于农艺操作不当，如肥料使用不当，其产量较低。该研究于 2021 年种植季在 Gurafarda 地区的农田中进行，以评估有机肥和无机肥对芝麻增产的影响。试验包括三种水平的 FYM（0、5 和 10 吨/公顷）和四种水平的 NPSB 肥料（0、50、100 和 150 千克 NPSB/公顷）。采用 RCBD 的因子排列，三次重复。收集并分析了农艺数据。结果表明，FYM 和 NPSB 肥料的交互效应显著增加了 50%开花天数和 75%成熟天数、株高、主枝数/株、单株生产蒴果数、地上生物量和种子产量。种子千粒重收获指数受其主效应影响。施用 10 t FYM + 150 kg N PSB/ha，开花天数（47.66）和成熟天数（109.16）最长；对照处理的开花天数和成熟天数（36.66 和 95）分别最短。在施用量最高和未施用 NPSB 的情况下，主枝数（5.5、2.96）/株分别最多和最少。施用 10 t FYM + 150 kg NPSB/ha 和不施用 FYM 和 NPSB 的植株分别最高和最矮（180.8 厘米、92.75 厘米）。此外，10 t FYM + 150 kg NPSB/ha与 10 t FYM + 100 kg NPSB/ha的组合产生了最高的种子产量（652.3）kg/ha和地上生物量（4529.09）kg/ha；与施用10 t FYM + 100 kg NPSB/ha的组合在统计学上相等。净收益（49 996.3 ETB）和边际收益率（16 323.2%）最高的是联合施用 10 吨 FYM 和 50 公斤 NPSB 肥料/公顷的结果，因此可以得出结论，施用 10 吨/公顷的农家肥+50 公斤 NPSB 肥料/公顷可带来经济效益，这意味着研究地区的农民应选择这种农家肥和 NPSB 肥料的比例，以提高作物产量，增加家庭收入。

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Russian Agricultural Sciences

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