Characteristics of Enzyme Activities in Soils within Agricultural Landscapes across Vladimir Opolye High Plains

Russian Agricultural Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI:10.3103/s106836742470006x

M. K. Zinchenko, S. I. Zinchenko

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Abstract

The research was carried out to study the enzyme activities in the gray forest soil (GF) with the second humus horizon (SHH) relative to the fertilizer application system within the agricultural landscapes across Vladimir oblast. The research study was conducted with two soil differences at the multifactor experiment field station in 2021–2023. The reference systems of fertilizer application intensity (for six-field crop rotation) were investigated. Thus, the levels of the fertilizer application intensity were designed as zero (Z) fertilizer + 40 t/ha manure, intense (I) fertilizers N₁₀₀Р₈₀К₁₆₀ + 40 t/ha manure, intense mineral (IM) fertilizers N₃₅₀P₂₂₀K₃₉₀, high-intense mineral (HIM) fertilizers N₄₈₀P₂₈₀K₅₇₅, intense organic and mineral (IOM) fertilizers N₃₁₀P₁₅₀K₃₁₀ + 60 t/ha manure, and high-intense organic and mineral (HIOM) fertilizers N₄₃₀P₁₆₀K₃₆₀ + 80t/ha manure. A steady trend to increasing the catalase and invertase enzyme activities in the GF SHH soils was revealed at the reference systems of fertilizer application. The average catalase activity in the GF soil with the second humus horizon was 23% higher than that in the GF soil at the same soil depth (20–40 cm). The maximum catalase enzyme activity in the experiment was observed at the reference system of intense fertilizer use (I) for the GF SHH soil. Thus, it comprised 2.41 and 1.96 mL O₂/g in the 0–20- and 20–40-cm layers, respectively. T invertase enzyme activity in the gray forest soil with the second humus horizon at the 20–40-cm soil depth was, on average, higher by 30% than that in the gray forest soil. The highest value for this parameter was recorded in two soil differences in the 0–20-cm layer, which comprised 3.50–3.55 mg glucose/g per 40 h. The average humus content in the GF soil with the second humus horizon made up 3.76%, which was 33% higher than that in the GF soil in the 20–40-cm layer. The maximum parameter value within the experiment (0–40-cm layer) was recorded in the GF SHH soil at the reference system of intense fertilizer use, which comprised 4.86%.

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弗拉基米尔-奥波莱高原农业景观土壤中酶活性的特征

摘要研究的目的是了解弗拉基米尔州农业景观中第二腐殖质层（SHH）灰色森林土壤（GF）中与施肥系统相关的酶活性。该研究于 2021-2023 年在多因素试验田站针对两种土壤差异进行。研究了施肥强度参考系统（六田轮作）。因此，肥料施用强度水平被设计为零（Z）肥料 + 40 吨/公顷粪肥、高强度（I）肥料 N100Р80К160 + 40 吨/公顷粪肥、高强度矿物（IM）肥料 N350P220K390、高浓度矿物质肥料（HIM）N480P280K575，高浓度有机矿物质肥料（IOM）N310P150K310 + 60 吨/公顷粪肥，以及高浓度有机矿物质肥料（HIOM）N430P160K360 + 80 吨/公顷粪肥。在参照施肥系统中，GF SHH 土壤中的过氧化氢酶和转化酶活性呈稳步上升趋势。具有第二腐殖质层的 GF 土壤的过氧化氢酶平均活性比相同土层深度（20-40 厘米）的 GF 土壤高 23%。在试验中，GF SHH 土壤的过氧化氢酶活性在施肥强度参考系统（I）中最高。因此，0-20 厘米和 20-40 厘米土层中的过氧化氢酶活性分别为 2.41 和 1.96 mL O2/g。在 20-40 厘米土层深度带有第二腐殖质层的灰林土壤中，转化酶活性平均比灰林土壤高 30%。该参数的最高值出现在 0-20 厘米土层的两个土壤差异中，即每 40 小时 3.50-3.55 毫克葡萄糖/克。含有第二腐殖质层的 GF 土壤的平均腐殖质含量为 3.76%，比 20-40 厘米土层的 GF 土壤高 33%。试验中（0-40 厘米层）的最大参数值出现在 GF SHH 土壤中，在大量施肥的参照系统中，该参数值为 4.86%。

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Russian Agricultural Sciences

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