Mauricio Buschle, Rogerio Hamerschmidt, Jorge Eduardo Fouto Matias, Otavio Pereira Lima Zanini, Luiz Otavio de Mattos Coelho, Jose Fernando Polanski
{"title":"The Role of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss.","authors":"Mauricio Buschle, Rogerio Hamerschmidt, Jorge Eduardo Fouto Matias, Otavio Pereira Lima Zanini, Luiz Otavio de Mattos Coelho, Jose Fernando Polanski","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1786827","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b> One of the paths in the investigation of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) is to try to characterize its etiology through the inner ear evaluation using high resolution computer tomography (CT) scans. With minor malformation, it is not always possible for a simple visual inspection to recognize if the structure in the inner ear is normal or not. <b>Objective</b> To verify if measurements of the inner ear are predictive of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and suggest cutoff points of size limits. <b>Methods</b> Retrospective cross-sectional study of inner ear CT scan measurements of 214 patients, 50 with congenital SNHL (CSNHL) and 164 acquired SNHL (ASNHL) (control group). <b>Results</b> In the CSNHL group, central bony island (CBI) were 0.48 mm smaller ( <i>p</i> < 0.001), cochlear nerve aperture was (CNA) 0.10 mm smaller ( <i>p</i> < 0.001), and cochlea height was (CH) 0.15 mm smaller ( <i>p</i> < 0.001). Vestibular aqueduct (VA) and cochlea width (CW) were similar between groups (0.70 vs 0.72, <i>p</i> = 0.19, and 7.20 vs 7.15 <i>p</i> = 0.23). The predictive cutoff points for CSNHL were CBI = 3.6 mm, CAN = 1.4 mm, CH = 3.4 mm, CW = 7.0 mm, and VA = 0.9 mm. <b>Conclusion</b> Congenital sensorineural hearing loss determined a decrease in CBI, opening of the cochlear nerve (OCN), and CW. Thus, these measures, at the cutoff points indicated, should make us aware of the diagnosis of congenital hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11226303/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1786827","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/7/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction One of the paths in the investigation of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) is to try to characterize its etiology through the inner ear evaluation using high resolution computer tomography (CT) scans. With minor malformation, it is not always possible for a simple visual inspection to recognize if the structure in the inner ear is normal or not. Objective To verify if measurements of the inner ear are predictive of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and suggest cutoff points of size limits. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study of inner ear CT scan measurements of 214 patients, 50 with congenital SNHL (CSNHL) and 164 acquired SNHL (ASNHL) (control group). Results In the CSNHL group, central bony island (CBI) were 0.48 mm smaller ( p < 0.001), cochlear nerve aperture was (CNA) 0.10 mm smaller ( p < 0.001), and cochlea height was (CH) 0.15 mm smaller ( p < 0.001). Vestibular aqueduct (VA) and cochlea width (CW) were similar between groups (0.70 vs 0.72, p = 0.19, and 7.20 vs 7.15 p = 0.23). The predictive cutoff points for CSNHL were CBI = 3.6 mm, CAN = 1.4 mm, CH = 3.4 mm, CW = 7.0 mm, and VA = 0.9 mm. Conclusion Congenital sensorineural hearing loss determined a decrease in CBI, opening of the cochlear nerve (OCN), and CW. Thus, these measures, at the cutoff points indicated, should make us aware of the diagnosis of congenital hearing loss.