Evidence of a contact-induced change

Muhammad Zakaria
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Abstract

South Central Tibeto-Burman (also known as Kuki-Chin) forms a group of fifty languages spoken in the border area of Bangladesh, India and Burma. Due to their geographic distribution, speakers of South Central (SC) languages are in close contact with the superstrate languages, Bangla, Hindi and Burmese. The inevitable consequence of this longstanding contact on lesser-known languages of this region is understudied, especially structural diffusions. This paper presents a detailed discussion on relative-correlative (RC-CRC) construction in Hyow, a Southeastern SC language spoken by approximately four thousand people in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh, where they are in close contact with Bangla and Marma (a dialect of Burmese). This empirical study demonstrates how RC-CRC construction in Hyow is structurally and distributionally similar to those in IA languages, taking a critical look at the existing literature on IA languages and using data therein for a comparative study. In doing so, this paper provides examples from Bangla, Hindi and Sanskrit, and refutes some of the observations made in previous scholarly works. This paper also explores how they might have developed in Hyow, which otherwise uses a nominalization as native strategy for forming relative clauses. Even though most part of this paper discusses the RC-CRC constructions in Hyow as a consequence of language contact, this paper presents new insights on RC-CRC constructions in Bangla as well comparing to other IA languages.
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接触引起变化的证据
中南藏缅语(又称库基钦语)是由孟加拉国、印度和缅甸边境地区使用的 50 种语言组成的语言群。由于其地理分布,中南部(SC)语言的使用者与上层语言孟加拉语、印地语和缅甸语有着密切的接触。这种长期接触对该地区鲜为人知的语言造成的不可避免的后果,尤其是结构性扩散,还没有得到充分的研究。本文详细讨论了 "Hyow "语中的相对相关(RC-CRC)构词法。"Hyow "语是孟加拉国吉大港山区东南部的一种 SC 语言,大约有四千人使用,他们与孟加拉语和缅甸语的一种方言 Marma 有着密切的接触。本实证研究通过对有关 IA 语言的现有文献进行批判性审视,并利用其中的数据进行比较研究,证明了 Hyow 语中的 RC-CRC 结构在结构上和分布上与 IA 语言中的 RC-CRC 结构相似。在此过程中,本文提供了孟加拉语、印地语和梵语的例子,并反驳了以往学术著作中的一些观点。本文还探讨了 "Hyow "中的相对从句可能是如何发展起来的,因为 "Hyow "使用名词化作为构成相对从句的本地策略。尽管本文的大部分内容都是在讨论 Hyow 中的 RC-CRC 结构是语言接触的结果,但与其他 IA 语言相比,本文对孟加拉语中的 RC-CRC 结构也提出了新的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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