Impact of Amino Acid Foliar Applications on Soybean under Optimal and Water-Deficit Conditions: Photosynthesis, Antioxidants, Osmotic Adjustment, and Fatty Acids

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1134/s1021443724604002
Z. Behroshan, H. Zahedi, A. Alipour, Y. Sharghi, A. Zand
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Abstract

Amino acids aid plant stress tolerance, but their precise role in soybean drought physiology remains unclear. This study included amino acid spray treatments (cysteine, valine, leucine, commercial mix) as subplots and irrigation levels (optimal, mild, severe stress) as main plots. Under optimal irrigation, amino acid and lysine performed best for Fv/Fm, while cysteine performed best under severe stress. For chlorophyll content, cysteine, valine and lysine performed best with optimal irrigation, with little difference across water stress conditions. Under optimal irrigation, leucine and valine had the highest SOD levels, while leucine, valine and commercial amino acids performed best under mild stress. Cysteine and valine showed higher CAT under severe stress. Leucine had the lowest MDA without stress, while the commercial mix performed best under mild stress. Valine, amino acids and cysteine had the highest proline without stress and under mild stress, while cysteine and lysine performed best under severe stress. Minimal differences occurred without stress, while valine, amino acids and cysteine performed best under stress. In 2020, amino acids and valine had the highest photosynthesis, while cysteine performed best under severe stress. Valine had the highest mesophyll conductance, while cysteine and valine performed well in 2021. Valine had the highest CO2 and stomatal conductance without stress. All treatments showed superior transpiration. Without stress in 2020, cysteine, valine and amino acids had the highest oil yield, while leucine had it in 2021. Modulation of osmolytes like proline and antioxidants such as SOD and CAT helped valine and cysteine protect soybean plants against water stress.

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最佳和缺水条件下叶面喷施氨基酸对大豆的影响:光合作用、抗氧化剂、渗透调节和脂肪酸
摘要 氨基酸有助于植物的抗逆性,但其在大豆干旱生理中的确切作用仍不清楚。本研究将氨基酸喷洒处理(半胱氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、商品混合物)作为子小区,将灌溉水平(最佳、轻度、重度胁迫)作为主小区。在最佳灌溉条件下,氨基酸和赖氨酸的 Fv/Fm 表现最佳,而半胱氨酸在严重胁迫条件下表现最佳。在叶绿素含量方面,半胱氨酸、缬氨酸和赖氨酸在最佳灌溉条件下表现最佳,在不同的水胁迫条件下差别不大。在最佳灌溉条件下,亮氨酸和缬氨酸的 SOD 含量最高,而亮氨酸、缬氨酸和商品氨基酸在轻度胁迫条件下表现最佳。在严重胁迫条件下,半胱氨酸和缬氨酸的 CAT 水平较高。亮氨酸在无胁迫情况下的 MDA 最低,而商用混合氨基酸在轻度胁迫下表现最佳。缬氨酸、氨基酸和半胱氨酸在无胁迫和轻度胁迫下脯氨酸含量最高,而半胱氨酸和赖氨酸在严重胁迫下表现最佳。无胁迫时差异最小,而缬氨酸、氨基酸和半胱氨酸在胁迫下表现最佳。2020 年,氨基酸和缬氨酸的光合作用最高,而半胱氨酸在严重胁迫下表现最佳。2021 年,缬氨酸的叶绿素间传导率最高,而半胱氨酸和缬氨酸的表现最好。在没有胁迫的情况下,缬氨酸的二氧化碳和气孔导度最高。所有处理都表现出较好的蒸腾作用。在 2020 年没有胁迫的情况下,半胱氨酸、缬氨酸和氨基酸的产油量最高,而亮氨酸在 2021 年的产油量最高。脯氨酸等渗透溶质以及 SOD 和 CAT 等抗氧化剂的调节有助于缬氨酸和半胱氨酸保护大豆植物免受水分胁迫。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
14.30%
发文量
107
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Russian Journal of Plant Physiology is a leading journal in phytophysiology. It embraces the full spectrum of plant physiology and brings together the related aspects of biophysics, biochemistry, cytology, anatomy, genetics, etc. The journal publishes experimental and theoretical articles, reviews, short communications, and descriptions of new methods. Some issues cover special problems of plant physiology, thus presenting collections of articles and providing information in rapidly growing fields. The editorial board is highly interested in publishing research from all countries and accepts manuscripts in English.
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