Serotype Distribution and Pathotypic Characteristics of Streptococcus suis Isolates from Slaughtered Pigs in a High-Density Pig Farming Area in Thailand

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1155/2024/3186518

Kamonwan Lunha, Wiyada Chumpol, Surasak Jiemsup, Suganya Yongkiettrakul, Jinquan Li, Anusak Kerdsin, Daisuke Takamatsu, Nattakan Meekhanon

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Abstract

Streptococcus suis is a significant bacterial pathogen in the swine industry and represents a zoonotic threat to human health. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, serotype distribution, and pathotypic characteristics of S. suis isolates obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs of slaughtered pigs in the high-density swine farming region of Thailand. Among 322 swab samples, 194 samples (60.25%) were found to harbor S. suis. The most prevalent serotype was serotype 8 (7.98%), followed by 19 (7.56%), 29 (6.72%), 3 (5.88%), and 2 (5.04%), with 39.92% of isolates classified as non-typeable. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of various clonal complexes (CCs), with CC221/234 being the most prevalent (19.15%). Human-associated clades (HAC) were identified in 29.79% of isolates, including serotypes 2 (two isolates), 1/2 (two isolates), and 4 (four isolates) in CC233/379. Additionally, several isolates exhibited a high potential for zoonotic transmission, particularly within the CC233/379 clade, which emerged exclusively in Thailand. Molecular pathotyping uncovered challenges in differentiating pathogenic and commensal S. suis strains in healthy pigs. Despite this, surveillance and monitoring of S. suis populations are essential to track dynamics and mitigate the risk of human infections.

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泰国高密度养猪区屠宰猪猪链球菌分离物的血清型分布和病原型特征

猪链球菌是养猪业中一种重要的细菌病原体，对人类健康构成人畜共患病威胁。本研究旨在调查泰国高密度养猪区屠宰猪鼻咽拭子中分离出的猪链球菌的流行率、血清型分布和病理分型特征。在 322 份拭子样本中，发现 194 份样本（60.25%）携带猪链球菌。最常见的血清型是血清型 8（7.98%），其次是 19（7.56%）、29（6.72%）、3（5.88%）和 2（5.04%），39.92% 的分离物被归类为不可分型。分子特征描述显示存在各种克隆复合体（CC），其中以 CC221/234 最为普遍（19.15%）。在 29.79% 的分离物中发现了人类相关支系（HAC），包括 CC233/379 中的血清型 2（2 个分离物）、1/2（2 个分离物）和 4（4 个分离物）。此外，一些分离物表现出很高的人畜共患传播潜力，尤其是 CC233/379 支系中的分离物，该支系仅出现在泰国。分子病理分型揭示了在健康猪体内区分致病性猪链球菌和共感性猪链球菌菌株的难题。尽管如此，对猪痢疾杆菌种群的监视和监测对于跟踪其动态和降低人类感染风险至关重要。

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.