Prevalence of methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among German emergency medical providers.

IF 1.7 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH GMS Hygiene and Infection Control Pub Date : 2024-06-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3205/dgkh000490
Aaron Weiss, Axel Kramer, Robert Taube, Frauke Mattner, Katrin Premke
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Abstract

Background: Health care workers (HCW) in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) frequently come into contact with carriers of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains and may acquire and transmit them to patients. However, there is little data on MSSA and MRSA colonization of medical personnel in the emergency services. Additionally, few studies have analyzed the association between personal hygiene of staff and colonization. Therefore, we examined the prevalence of MSSA and MRSA in EMS staff of two German regions and evaluated their personal hygiene behavior.

Method: Throat and nasal swabs from 300 EMS workers were analyzed. Both direct and pre-enriched cultures of the swabs were cultivated on culture media to identify MSSA and MRSA. Results were analyzed together with questionnaires about sociodemographic data and a self-assessment of hygiene behavior. Statistical analysis was done using the R statistical software.

Results: Of the total 300 swabs, 55% were from paramedics, 39% were from emergency medical technicians (EMT) and 5% were from emergency physicians. With 1%, the MRSA prevalence was comparable to that of the German population, while the MSSA rate - 43.7% - was higher than expected. Colonization with MSSA was significantly associated with poor hand hygiene and male sex, and was inversely correlated to time on the job in EMS.

Conclusion: The sample size of 300 and a MRSA prevalence of 1% made a meaningful analysis of potential influencing factors on the prevalence of MRSA infeasible. The comparatively high prevalence of MSSA and the association with decreasing frequency of hand antisepsis suggests an influence of personal hygiene on MSSA colonization. HCW in EMS should be encouraged to make use of their personal protective equipment and practice frequent hand hygiene. The implementation of diagnostic tools such as the Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework of the WHO could be utilized to reveal problems in organizations, followed by an individual program to promote hand hygiene.

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德国急诊医疗服务人员对甲氧西林敏感和耐药金黄色葡萄球菌携带的流行情况。
背景:紧急医疗服务(EMS)中的医护人员(HCW)经常接触甲氧西林易感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)菌株的携带者,并可能将其传染给病人。然而,有关急诊服务中医务人员 MSSA 和 MRSA 定植情况的数据却很少。此外,很少有研究分析工作人员的个人卫生与定植之间的关系。因此,我们研究了德国两个地区急救人员的 MSSA 和 MRSA 感染率,并评估了他们的个人卫生行为:方法:分析了 300 名急救人员的喉拭子和鼻拭子。方法:对 300 名急救人员的咽拭子和鼻拭子进行分析,在培养基上对咽拭子进行直接培养和预富集培养,以鉴定 MSSA 和 MRSA。分析结果与有关社会人口学数据和卫生行为自我评估的问卷一起进行。统计分析使用 R 统计软件进行:在总共 300 份棉签中,55% 来自医护人员,39% 来自急救医疗技术人员(EMT),5% 来自急诊医生。MRSA感染率为1%,与德国人口的感染率相当,而MSSA感染率(43.7%)则高于预期。MSSA定植与手部卫生差和男性性别有明显关系,与在急救中心工作的时间成反比:300个样本和1%的MRSA感染率使得对MRSA感染率的潜在影响因素进行有意义的分析变得不可能。相对较高的 MSSA 感染率以及与手部消毒频率下降的关联表明,个人卫生对 MSSA 定植有影响。应鼓励急救服务中的医护人员使用个人防护设备并经常进行手部卫生。可利用诊断工具(如世界卫生组织的 "手部卫生自我评估框架")来揭示组织中存在的问题,然后制定个人计划来促进手部卫生。
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GMS Hygiene and Infection Control
GMS Hygiene and Infection Control PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
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