Mindfulness in Orthopedic Rehabilitation: Can the Use of a Mindfulness Diary Positively Influence the Therapeutic Outcome of Orthopedic Rehabilitation?
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Abstract
Objectives
Mindfulness is a proven therapeutic practice for reducing anxiety, depression, and chronic pain, which are factors that influence the success of hip/knee replacement surgery. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness bibliotherapy in rehabilitation on anxiety, depression, and health status. The objective was to determine whether there is a connection between the level of mindfulness before rehabilitation and the health status after rehabilitation.
Method
Ninety-three patients (Mage = 63.34, SD = 10.49) from an outpatient rehabilitation clinic participated in the study. Forty-three patients were included in the mindfulness bibliotherapy group, and 45 were included in the waitlist control group. Anxiety, depression (both measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), quality of life (measured with the SF-36), and walking ability (measured with the Timed “Up and Go”-Test), as well as orthopedic measurements and dispositional mindfulness, were measured before and after the intervention. A follow-up measurement was carried out 4 weeks after the end of rehabilitation.
Results
A significant interaction effect between test time (pre- and post-test) and group (mindfulness bibliotherapy and waitlist control group) was detected for the measurement of Anxiety. The Anxiety score decreased in the intervention group from the pre-test to the post-test and the follow-up. In addition, the five subscales of dispositional mindfulness, age, and gender predicted mental health status (measured with the mental health scale of the SF-36) at the end of rehabilitation, F(7, 85) = 2.52, p = 0.021, even though no individual predictor reached significance.
Conclusions
Mindfulness diary practice can be a helpful therapy approach to support patients and to regain the goal of full capacity for working life and everyday life after surgery. Further studies need to investigate more intensively the relationships between the mode of action of mindfulness interventions in the setting of orthopedic rehabilitation.
Preregistration
This study was preregistered in OSF (https://osf.io/4tmwq/).
期刊介绍：
Mindfulness seeks to advance research, clinical practice, and theory on mindfulness. It is interested in manuscripts from diverse viewpoints, including psychology, psychiatry, medicine, neurobiology, psychoneuroendocrinology, cognitive, behavioral, cultural, philosophy, spirituality, and wisdom traditions. Mindfulness encourages research submissions on the reliability and validity of assessment of mindfulness; clinical uses of mindfulness in psychological distress, psychiatric disorders, and medical conditions; alleviation of personal and societal suffering; the nature and foundations of mindfulness; mechanisms of action; and the use of mindfulness across cultures. The Journal also seeks to promote the use of mindfulness by publishing scholarly papers on the training of clinicians, institutional staff, teachers, parents, and industry personnel in mindful provision of services. Examples of topics include: Mindfulness-based psycho-educational interventions for children with learning, emotional, and behavioral disorders Treating depression and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure Yoga and mindfulness Cognitive-behavioral mindfulness group therapy interventions Mindfulnessness and emotional regulation difficulties in children Loving-kindness meditation to increase social connectedness Training for parents and children with ADHD Recovery from substance abuse Changing parents’ mindfulness Child management skills Treating childhood anxiety and depression
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