DOCTRINAL BASIS OF ENERGY POLICY OF MODERN GERMANY

Abstract

The Federal Republic of Germany has cooperated successfully for many decades, first with the Soviet Union and then with Russia in the energy sector. As a result of this cooperation, serious infrastructure projects have been carried out, connecting both countries with gas and oil pipelines, and the volume of raw materials supplied has also been significant until recently. Both sides benefited from this cooperation, until the Federal Republic of Germany took part in the confrontation with Russia in 2014, and after the start of the special military operation in 2022 it cut off all contacts with our country in this sphere. This article will examine the evolution of the energy policy of the Federal Republic of Germany since its foundation, its main features and characteristics, the volume of cooperation with Russia. In addition, the doctrinal foundations of the modern energy policy of Germany will be studied by analyzing the official documents of this state. The authors used domestic and foreign scientific works and articles, texts of official documents of the Federal Republic of Germany, as well as materials of periodicals on the selected topic. In the course of analyzing the evolution of the energy policy of the Germany, the following conclusions were made: it changed under the influence of scientific technical development, it flexibly responded to emerging challenges, and it was based on pragmatism. However, an analysis of current doctrinal guidelines has shown that Germany is not sovereign in the implementation of its foreign and energy policy, ideology has taken the place of pragmatism, the controversial energy transition policy will be continued under the current coalition government, and its model will even be offered for export.