Exogenous application of plant bio-regulators improve yield and water use efficiency of maize under drought stress

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Indian Journal of Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.59797/ija.v69i2.5504

S. R. Kantwa, Mukesh Choudhary, R. Agrawal, A. Dixit, SUNIL KUMAR, G. R. Chary

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Abstract

Moisture stress in rainfed areas has significant adverse impact on plant growth and yield. Exogenous application of plant bio-regulators (PBRs) plays an important role to mitigate drought stress in plants. A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2018 and 2019 to explore the positive role of PBRs on the yield, economic feasibility and water use efficiency of maize grown under rainfed conditions. Ten treatments including PBRs, mulching and control were evaluated in a randomized block design. The result showed that foliar spray of salicylic acid (0.5 mM) with 1% urea solution improved the grain yield of maize by 24% as compared to control plot. Other PBRs such as glycine betaine, gibberellic acid and thiourea also increased the grain yield in the range of 10–21%. Application of 1% urea solution with PBRs synergise the effect of PBR to alleviate drought stress. The foliar applied PBRs maintained higher membrane stability index (73–78%), significantly increased relative water content (5–11%), chlorophyll content and decreased the proline content (11–21%) as compared to plants grown in control plot. Significant increase were noted in the rain and crop water use efficiency of maize with the foliar application of PBRs. Net returns were improved by 33% with application of salicylic acid (0.5 mM) + 1% urea as compared to control (₹49 × 103 /ha). Thus, foliar spray of salicylic acid (0.5 mM) with 1% urea solution could be an economic feasible strategy to reduce the adverse effects of drought and may increase the maize yield and water use efficiency.

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外源施用植物生物调节剂可提高干旱胁迫下玉米的产量和水分利用效率

雨水灌溉地区的水分胁迫对植物的生长和产量有很大的不利影响。植物生物调节剂（PBRs）的外源应用在缓解植物干旱胁迫方面发挥着重要作用。在 2018 年和 2019 年的雨季（收获季节）进行了一项田间试验，以探讨 PBRs 对雨水灌溉条件下种植的玉米的产量、经济可行性和水分利用效率的积极作用。在随机区组设计中，对包括 PBRs、地膜覆盖和对照在内的 10 个处理进行了评估。结果表明，与对照小区相比，叶面喷施水杨酸（0.5 mM）和 1%尿素溶液可使玉米籽粒产量提高 24%。其他 PBRs（如甘氨酸甜菜碱、赤霉素和硫脲）也使谷物产量提高了 10-21%。在施用 PBR 的同时施用 1%的尿素溶液可协同 PBR 的作用，缓解干旱胁迫。与对照组相比，叶面喷施 PBRs 能保持较高的膜稳定指数（73-78%），显著提高相对含水量（5-11%）和叶绿素含量，降低脯氨酸含量（11-21%）。叶面喷施 PBRs 后，玉米的降雨量和作物水分利用效率明显提高。与对照组相比，施用水杨酸（0.5 mM）+ 1%尿素的净收益提高了 33% （49 × 103 /ha）。因此，叶面喷施水杨酸（0.5 毫摩尔）和 1%尿素溶液是一种经济可行的策略，可减少干旱的不利影响，提高玉米产量和水分利用效率。

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来源期刊

Indian Journal of Agronomy Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

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0.50

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期刊介绍： Indian Journal of Agronomy welcomes concise articles presenting original research data based on field experiments on all aspects of agronomy in different crops and related cropping systems. • The journal publishes only full length comprehensive articles based on new approaches/findings in English only. • Review articles are also considered but these are normally solicited by Editorial Board. However, the authors who wish to contribute a review on their own based on their standing in the relevant field may contact the Secretary or Chief Editor with a broad outline before submitting the manuscript.