Renoprotective Effect of Broccoli Extract in Pre-pubertal Wistar Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate Toxicity

Abstract

Background: This study was aimed to assess the potential renoprotective properties of broccoli extract in pre-pubertal Wistar rats subjected to lead acetate-induced renal toxicity. Lead acetate poses a significant health threat due to its toxic effects on various organ systems, particularly the kidneys, which play a crucial role in waste elimination and maintaining physiological balance. Methods: The study design involves the administration of lead acetate to induce subchronic intoxication in experimental rats, alongside treatment with broccoli extract and vitamin E to assess their protective effects. Result: Biochemical analyses reveal significant increases in urea, uric acid, creatinine and BUN levels in the lead acetate-treated group, indicative of impaired renal function. However, treatment with broccoli extract demonstrates a significant reduction in these biomarkers, comparable to the effects observed with vitamin E treatment, suggesting potential renoprotective benefits. Histopathological examination corroborates these findings, with the lead acetate group exhibiting severe renal damage, including degeneration, necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration, while broccoli extract treatment partially mitigates these effects. The study highlights the importance of natural compounds like broccoli in combating heavy metal-induced renal toxicity and underscores the need for further investigation into their protective mechanisms. These findings hold implications for the development of preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions against lead-induced nephrotoxicity, offering valuable insights into the potential of broccoli extract as a natural renoprotective agent.