Being Free, Feeling Free: Race, Gender, and Republican Domination

Cécile Laborde
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Abstract

Members of racial and sexual minorities often live in the fear of arbitrary interference from others—rogue police officers or sexual harassers. Are they unfree by dint of believing they are unfree? I draw on the republican theory of freedom—according to which we are unfree if we are subjected to a risk of arbitrary interference—to offer a qualified positive answer. I clarify the role of probabilistic judgements about risk in republican political theory. I argue that under specific circumstances, diagnoses of republican freedom can be indexed to a certain belief about probability—what it is warranted for someone to believe in light of their distinctive epistemic perspective.
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成为自由人,感受自由:种族、性别与共和党统治
种族和性少数群体成员常常生活在对他人--粗暴的警察或性骚扰者--任意干涉的恐惧之中。他们是否因为认为自己不自由而不自由呢?我借鉴了共和主义的自由理论--根据这一理论,如果我们面临任意干涉的风险,我们就是不自由的--提出了一个有条件的肯定答案。我澄清了关于风险的概率判断在共和政治理论中的作用。我认为,在特定情况下,对共和主义自由的诊断可以以某种关于概率的信念为指标--根据某人独特的认识论视角,他有理由相信什么。
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