A novel cycloaliphatic epoxy monomer with inherent imide and phosphate groups enabled highly flame-retardant epoxy resin

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Reactive & Functional Polymers Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2024.106011

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Abstract

Cycloaliphatic epoxy resin exhibits excellent comprehensive properties suitable for application in electrical/electronic materials. However, its combustibility issue is more difficult to be handled in nature than aromatic epoxy resins and has not yet well addressed currently. The synergistic effect of multiple structures is the efficient way to solve this problem. Therefore, a novel cycloaliphatic epoxide monomer containing both imide and phosphate groups was designed via imidization and epoxidation in this study. The epoxide monomer BEMP with high purity was obtained by discussing the epoxidation conditions. Using 4-methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) as a hardener, the cured epoxy resin BMEP/MHHPA demonstrated inherently outstanding flame retardancy with a high limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 36.5% and achieved UL-94 V-0 rating. Additionally, BMEP/MHHPA showed a significant reduction of 70.5% in heat release rate (HRR) and 57.7% in total heat release (THR) compared to commercial ERL-4221/MHHPA. The synergistic effect of imide and phosphate groups contributed to strong charring ability and intumescent flame-retardant action, resulting in effectively isolating heat and oxygen, and inhibiting the production of volatile flammable components. This approach provides an efficient method for developing highly fire-safe cycloaliphatic epoxides for use in electrical/electronic applications.

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一种新型环脂族环氧单体，其固有的酰亚胺和磷酸基团使其成为高阻燃性环氧树脂

环脂族环氧树脂具有出色的综合性能，适合应用于电气/电子材料。然而，与芳香族环氧树脂相比，环脂族环氧树脂的可燃性问题在自然界中更难处理，目前尚未得到很好的解决。多种结构的协同效应是解决这一问题的有效途径。因此，本研究通过酰亚胺化和环氧化反应设计了一种新型环脂族环氧单体，它同时含有酰亚胺和磷酸基团。通过讨论环氧化条件，获得了高纯度的环氧化物单体 BEMP。使用 4-甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐（MHHPA）作为固化剂，固化后的环氧树脂 BMEP/MHHPA 表现出了与生俱来的出色阻燃性，其限氧指数（LOI）值高达 36.5%，并达到了 UL-94 V-0 等级。此外，与商用 ERL-4221/MHHPA 相比，BMEP/MHHPA 的热释放率（HRR）显著降低了 70.5%，总热释放率（THR）降低了 57.7%。亚胺基团和磷酸基团的协同作用产生了强大的炭化能力和膨胀阻燃作用，从而有效地隔离了热量和氧气，抑制了挥发性易燃成分的产生。这种方法为开发电气/电子应用中高度防火的环脂族环氧化物提供了一种有效的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Reactive & Functional Polymers 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

5.90%

发文量

259

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Reactive & Functional Polymers provides a forum to disseminate original ideas, concepts and developments in the science and technology of polymers with functional groups, which impart specific chemical reactivity or physical, chemical, structural, biological, and pharmacological functionality. The scope covers organic polymers, acting for instance as reagents, catalysts, templates, ion-exchangers, selective sorbents, chelating or antimicrobial agents, drug carriers, sensors, membranes, and hydrogels. This also includes reactive cross-linkable prepolymers and high-performance thermosetting polymers, natural or degradable polymers, conducting polymers, and porous polymers. Original research articles must contain thorough molecular and material characterization data on synthesis of the above polymers in combination with their applications. Applications include but are not limited to catalysis, water or effluent treatment, separations and recovery, electronics and information storage, energy conversion, encapsulation, or adhesion.