{"title":"Reliability and validity of estimated angles information assessed using inertial measurement unit-based motion sensors.","authors":"Taiki Morikawa, Nariyuki Mura, Toshiaki Sato, Hiroshi Katoh","doi":"10.3233/BME-240031","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based motion sensors are affordable, and their use is appropriate for rehabilitation. However, regarding the accuracy of estimated angle information obtained from this sensor, it is reported that it is likely affected by velocity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study investigated the reliability and validity of the angle information obtained using IMU-based sensors compared with a three-dimensional (3D) motion analyzer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Euler angle obtained using the 3D motion analyzer and the angle obtained using the IMU-based sensor (IMU angle) were compared. Reliability was assessed by comparing the Bland-Altman analysis, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (1,1), and cross-correlation function. The root mean square (RMS) error, ICC (2,1), and cross-correlation function were used to compare data on the Euler and IMU angles to evaluate the validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding reliability, the Bland-Atman analysis indicated no fixed or proportional bias in the angle measurements. The measurement errors ranged from 0.2° to 3.2°. In the validity, the RMS error ranged from 0.3° to 2.2°. The ICCs (2,1) were 0.9. The cross-correlation functions were >0.9, which indicated a high degree of agreement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IMU-based sensor had a high reliability and validity. The IMU angle may be used in rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-240031","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based motion sensors are affordable, and their use is appropriate for rehabilitation. However, regarding the accuracy of estimated angle information obtained from this sensor, it is reported that it is likely affected by velocity.
Objective: The present study investigated the reliability and validity of the angle information obtained using IMU-based sensors compared with a three-dimensional (3D) motion analyzer.
Methods: The Euler angle obtained using the 3D motion analyzer and the angle obtained using the IMU-based sensor (IMU angle) were compared. Reliability was assessed by comparing the Bland-Altman analysis, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (1,1), and cross-correlation function. The root mean square (RMS) error, ICC (2,1), and cross-correlation function were used to compare data on the Euler and IMU angles to evaluate the validity.
Results: Regarding reliability, the Bland-Atman analysis indicated no fixed or proportional bias in the angle measurements. The measurement errors ranged from 0.2° to 3.2°. In the validity, the RMS error ranged from 0.3° to 2.2°. The ICCs (2,1) were 0.9. The cross-correlation functions were >0.9, which indicated a high degree of agreement.
Conclusion: The IMU-based sensor had a high reliability and validity. The IMU angle may be used in rehabilitation.
期刊介绍：
The aim of Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering is to promote the welfare of humans and to help them keep healthy. This international journal is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes original research papers, review articles and brief notes on materials and engineering for biological and medical systems. Articles in this peer-reviewed journal cover a wide range of topics, including, but not limited to: Engineering as applied to improving diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of disease and injury, and better substitutes for damaged or disabled human organs; Studies of biomaterial interactions with the human body, bio-compatibility, interfacial and interaction problems; Biomechanical behavior under biological and/or medical conditions; Mechanical and biological properties of membrane biomaterials; Cellular and tissue engineering, physiological, biophysical, biochemical bioengineering aspects; Implant failure fields and degradation of implants. Biomimetics engineering and materials including system analysis as supporter for aged people and as rehabilitation; Bioengineering and materials technology as applied to the decontamination against environmental problems; Biosensors, bioreactors, bioprocess instrumentation and control system; Application to food engineering; Standardization problems on biomaterials and related products; Assessment of reliability and safety of biomedical materials and man-machine systems; and Product liability of biomaterials and related products.
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