Seasonal variation effect on water quality and sediments criteria and its influence on soil pollution: Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

IF 6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1186/s12302-024-00953-2
H. Mansour, Sayed A. Ahmed, A. Zaghloul, H. Kabary, Hossam F. Nassar
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Abstract

Background

Irrigation with low-quality water without considering the acceptable levels negatively impacts not only humans, but also extends to the whole surrounding ecosystem. The current research is a comprehensive-integrated appraisal of the irrigation water quality gathered from El-Batts drain in Fayoum Governorate, from September 2021 to June 2022, together with the drain sediments and the soils adjacent to it. The characteristics (physical, chemical and biological), and the risk fate of some heavy metals (As, B, Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe and Mn) were measured. Moreover, the risks of the studied pollutants were assessed using many indices: irrigation water quality index (IWQI), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), Salinity indices and Zn equivalent (ZE). Additionally, kinetic studies of the inorganic pollutants were evaluated to determine their availability and impact on the surrounding environment.

Results

Data from IQWI showed that water in all five sites was assumed to be very bad and unsuitable for usage with a general average (14.62 and 25.35) in all four seasons. ZE exceeds the critical level of 250, which means there is a risk of soil contamination.

Conclusions

The elevated levels of heavy metals, microbial enzymes, pathogenic fecal coliform and Salmonella reflect bad and direct risk of dealing with such water in irrigation and its effect on the soil ecosystem and the growing crops. Most of the tested parameters exceeded the acceptable levels of the Egyptian Governmental Law Guidelines, WHO and FAO, which may threaten aquatic life. Best managements practices and remediation techniques should be applied to minimize the hazards in such waters.

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季节变化对水质和沉积物标准的影响及其对土壤污染的影响:埃及法尤姆省
背景使用低质水灌溉而不考虑可接受水平不仅会对人类造成负面影响,还会影响到周围的整个生态系统。目前的研究是对 2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 6 月期间从法尤姆省 El-Batts 排水沟收集的灌溉水水质以及排水沟沉积物和邻近土壤的综合评估。测量了一些重金属(砷、硼、铬、铜、锌、镉、铅、镍、铁和锰)的特性(物理、化学和生物)和风险归宿。此外,还使用多种指数评估了所研究污染物的风险:灌溉水质量指数(IWQI)、污染因子(Cf)、污染程度(Cd)、盐度指数和锌当量(ZE)。此外,还对无机污染物的动力学研究进行了评估,以确定其可用性及其对周围环境的影响。结果 IQWI 的数据显示,所有五个地点的水质都很差,不适合使用,所有四个季节的平均值为(14.62 和 25.35)。结论重金属、微生物酶、致病性粪大肠菌群和沙门氏菌含量的升高反映了在灌溉中使用这些水的不良直接风险及其对土壤生态系统和作物生长的影响。大多数检测参数都超过了埃及政府法律准则、世界卫生组织和联合国粮农组织规定的可接受水平,可能会对水生生物造成威胁。应采用最佳管理方法和补救技术,将此类水体的危害降至最低。
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来源期刊
Environmental Sciences Europe
Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution
CiteScore
11.20
自引率
1.70%
发文量
110
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.
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