Characteristics of children with a psychiatric disorder in 1999, 2004 and 2017: an analysis of the national child mental health surveys of England.

IF 6.5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI:10.1111/jcpp.14040

Jessica M Armitage, Tamsin Newlove-Delgado, Tamsin Ford, Sally McManus, Stephan Collishaw

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Abstract

Background: While research has described the profile of children with poor mental health, little is known about whether this profile and their needs have changed over time. Our aim was to investigate whether levels of difficulties and functional impact faced by children with a psychiatric disorder have changed over time, and whether sociodemographic and family correlates have changed.

Methods: Samples were three national probability surveys undertaken in England in 1999, 2004 and 2017 including children aged 5-15 years. Psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), a standardised multi-informant diagnostic tool based on the tenth International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The impact and difficulties of having a disorder (emotional, behavioural or hyperkinetic) were compared over time using total difficulty and impact scores from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Analyses explored the impact of having any disorder, as well as for each disorder separately. Regression analyses compared associations between disorders and sociodemographic factors over time.

Results: Parent- and adolescent-reported total SDQ difficulty and impact scores increased between 1999 and 2017 for children and adolescents with disorders. No differences were noted when using teacher ratings. No differences in total SDQ difficulty score were found for children without a disorder. Comparison of sociodemographic correlates across the surveys over time revealed that ethnic minority status, living in rented accommodation and being in the lowest income quintile had a weaker association with disorder in 2017 compared to 1999.

Conclusions: Our study reveals a concerning trend; children with a disorder in 2017 experienced more severe difficulties and greater impact on functioning at school, home and in their daily lives, compared to children with a disorder in earlier decades. Research is needed to identify and understand factors that may explain the changing nature and level of need among children with a disorder.

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1999 年、2004 年和 2017 年精神失常儿童的特征：英格兰全国儿童精神健康调查分析。

背景：尽管研究已经描述了心理健康状况不佳的儿童的特征，但对于这种特征及其需求是否随着时间的推移而发生变化却知之甚少。我们的目的是调查患有精神障碍的儿童所面临的困难程度和功能影响是否随着时间的推移而发生变化，以及社会人口和家庭相关因素是否发生了变化：样本是 1999 年、2004 年和 2017 年在英格兰进行的三次全国概率调查，包括 5-15 岁的儿童。使用发展与幸福评估（DAWBA）对精神障碍进行评估，这是一种基于第十版国际疾病分类（ICD-10）的标准化多信息诊断工具。使用优势与困难问卷（SDQ）中的总困难分和影响分，对患有精神障碍（情绪障碍、行为障碍或过度运动障碍）的影响和困难进行了长期比较。分析探讨了患有任何障碍以及每种障碍分别造成的影响。回归分析比较了不同时期失调症与社会人口因素之间的关联：家长和青少年报告的 SDQ 难度和影响总分在 1999 年至 2017 年间有所增加。使用教师评分时没有发现差异。无障碍儿童的 SDQ 难度总分没有差异。比较不同时期调查中的社会人口学相关因素发现，与1999年相比，2017年的少数民族身份、租房居住和最低收入五分位数与失调的相关性较弱：我们的研究揭示了一个令人担忧的趋势：与早几十年的失调儿童相比，2017 年的失调儿童在学校、家庭和日常生活中遇到的困难更严重，受到的影响也更大。我们需要开展研究，以确定和了解可能解释失调症儿童需求的性质和程度发生变化的因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

169

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) is a highly regarded international publication that focuses on the fields of child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. It is recognized for publishing top-tier, clinically relevant research across various disciplines related to these areas. JCPP has a broad global readership and covers a diverse range of topics, including: Epidemiology: Studies on the prevalence and distribution of mental health issues in children and adolescents. Diagnosis: Research on the identification and classification of childhood disorders. Treatments: Psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions for child and adolescent mental health. Behavior and Cognition: Studies on the behavioral and cognitive aspects of childhood disorders. Neuroscience and Neurobiology: Research on the neural and biological underpinnings of child mental health. Genetics: Genetic factors contributing to the development of childhood disorders. JCPP serves as a platform for integrating empirical research, clinical studies, and high-quality reviews from diverse perspectives, theoretical viewpoints, and disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach is a key feature of the journal, as it fosters a comprehensive understanding of child and adolescent mental health. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry is published 12 times a year and is affiliated with the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), which supports the journal's mission to advance knowledge and practice in the field of child and adolescent mental health.