Sulfur as an effective sensitizer for natural rubber vulcanized via electron beam irradiation

IF 3.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE Polymers for Advanced Technologies Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1002/pat.6523
Mili Purbaya, Takaomi Kobayashi, Nuatawan Thamrongsiripak, Chesidi Hayichelaeh, Kanoktip Boonkerd
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Abstract

A sensitizer or crosslinking promoter must be utilized to improve electron beam irradiation (EBI) vulcanization and achieve optimal results. This work investigated the effect of sensitizers, that is, sulfur and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPT), on the properties of EBI‐vulcanized natural rubber (NR). The experiments focused on analyzing the effect of different amounts of sensitizers, that is, 2 and 3 phr, on the swelling, crosslink density, entanglement, and mechanical properties of NR latex. A sample without sensitizers was taken as a reference. Results revealed that the crosslink density of the samples with sensitizers had improved compared with that of the sample without a sensitizer. The sample with sulfur exhibited higher crosslink density than the NR with TMPT. The sulfur‐containing NR exhibited superior mechanical properties, i.e., modulus, tensile strength, and tear strength, as its crosslink density increased. In addition, increasing the sulfur content reduced the crosslink density of the NR latex, resulting in inferior mechanical properties. Furthermore, the different forms, that is, latex and film, of NR were compared. The latex form revealed higher crosslink density than the film form, thus presenting high mechanical properties because it contained water, which could induce the formation of free radical species and enhance crosslinking.
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硫作为电子束辐照硫化天然橡胶的有效敏化剂
必须使用敏化剂或交联促进剂来改善电子束辐照(EBI)硫化并获得最佳效果。这项工作研究了敏化剂(即硫磺和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯 (TMPT))对 EBI 硫化天然橡胶 (NR) 性能的影响。实验重点分析了不同用量的敏化剂(即 2 和 3 phr)对 NR 胶乳的溶胀、交联密度、缠结和机械性能的影响。以不含敏化剂的样品为参照物。结果显示,与未添加敏化剂的样品相比,添加敏化剂的样品的交联密度有所提高。含硫样品的交联密度高于含 TMPT 的 NR。随着交联密度的增加,含硫 NR 表现出更优越的机械性能,即模量、拉伸强度和撕裂强度。此外,增加硫含量会降低 NR 胶乳的交联密度,从而导致机械性能降低。此外,还对不同形式的 NR(即胶乳和薄膜)进行了比较。胶乳形式的交联密度高于薄膜形式,因此具有较高的机械性能,这是因为胶乳中含有水,而水可以诱导自由基的形成并增强交联。
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来源期刊
Polymers for Advanced Technologies
Polymers for Advanced Technologies 工程技术-高分子科学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
5.90%
发文量
337
审稿时长
2.1 months
期刊介绍: Polymers for Advanced Technologies is published in response to recent significant changes in the patterns of materials research and development. Worldwide attention has been focused on the critical importance of materials in the creation of new devices and systems. It is now recognized that materials are often the limiting factor in bringing a new technical concept to fruition and that polymers are often the materials of choice in these demanding applications. A significant portion of the polymer research ongoing in the world is directly or indirectly related to the solution of complex, interdisciplinary problems whose successful resolution is necessary for achievement of broad system objectives. Polymers for Advanced Technologies is focused to the interest of scientists and engineers from academia and industry who are participating in these new areas of polymer research and development. It is the intent of this journal to impact the polymer related advanced technologies to meet the challenge of the twenty-first century. Polymers for Advanced Technologies aims at encouraging innovation, invention, imagination and creativity by providing a broad interdisciplinary platform for the presentation of new research and development concepts, theories and results which reflect the changing image and pace of modern polymer science and technology. Polymers for Advanced Technologies aims at becoming the central organ of the new multi-disciplinary polymer oriented materials science of the highest scientific standards. It will publish original research papers on finished studies; communications limited to five typewritten pages plus three illustrations, containing experimental details; review articles of up to 40 pages; letters to the editor and book reviews. Review articles will normally be published by invitation. The Editor-in-Chief welcomes suggestions for reviews.
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