Racing Demands for Winning a Grand Tour: Differences and Similarities Between a Female and a Male Winner.

IF 3.5 2区医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY International journal of sports physiology and performance Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Print Date: 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1123/ijspp.2023-0476

Robert P Lamberts, Annemiek van Vleuten, Tom Dumoulin, Louis Delahaije, Teun van Erp

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Abstract

Purpose: To describe and compare the race characteristics, demands, and durability profile of a male and a female Grand Tour winner.

Methods: Overall and stage-type-specific (ie, time trials, flat, semimountainous, and mountain) demands and race characteristics during 2 Grand Tours were determined and compared between the female and male cyclists. In addition, relative power output distribution and pacing, percentage of functional threshold power (FTP), and changes in maximal mean power outputs (MMPs) with increasing levels of kilojoules burned were determined.

Results: Although many differences were found between course and absolute racing demands between the male (FTP: 413 W; critical power: 417 W) and female (FTP: 297 W; critical power: 297 W) cyclists, similar power distributions and pacing strategies were found if data were expressed relatively. However, the female cyclist rode a higher percentage of her FTP during the first 2 quarters of flat stages (14.7%-15.1%) and the last quarter of mountain stages (9.8%) than the male cyclist. Decrements in MMPs were only observed after burning 30 kJ·kg-1 in the female and 45 kJ·kg-1 in the male Grand Tour winner.

Conclusions: Both the male and female Grand Tour winners produced very high 20- to 60-minute MMPs, whereas decrements in MMPs were only observed after having burned 75% (female) and 80% (male) of total kilojoules burned during a stage. These are the latest and lowest in MMPs reported in the scientific literature and highlight the importance of durability in combination with excellent climbing and time-trial skills, which are needed to be able to win a Grand Tour.

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赢得大奖赛的比赛要求：女冠军和男冠军的异同。

目的：描述并比较大环赛男女冠军的比赛特点、要求和耐久性特征：方法：确定并比较男女自行车运动员在两次大环赛中的总体需求和特定赛段类型（即计时赛、平地赛、半山地赛和山地赛）需求和比赛特征。此外，还确定了相对功率输出分布和步调、功能阈值功率（FTP）百分比，以及最大平均功率输出（MMPs）随千焦耳燃烧量增加而发生的变化：尽管男性（FTP：413 瓦；临界功率：417 瓦）和女性（FTP：297 瓦；临界功率：297 瓦）自行车运动员在赛程和绝对比赛要求方面存在许多差异，但如果将数据相对表示，则会发现他们的功率分布和步调策略相似。不过，与男性自行车运动员相比，女性自行车运动员在平地赛段的前两个季度（14.7%-15.1%）和山地赛段的最后一个季度（9.8%）的骑行量占其 FTP 的比例更高。只有在大环赛女冠军和男冠军分别燃烧 30 kJ-kg-1 和 45 kJ-kg-1 后，才能观察到 MMPs 的下降：结论：大环赛男女冠军在 20 到 60 分钟内的 MMP 值都非常高，而只有在赛段内燃烧了总热量的 75% （女性）和 80% （男性）之后，才能观察到 MMP 值的下降。这是科学文献中报告的最新和最低的 MMPs，突出了耐久性与出色的爬坡和计时赛技巧相结合的重要性，而这正是赢得大环赛的必要条件。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of sports physiology and performance PHYSIOLOGY-SPORT SCIENCES

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

12.10%

发文量

199

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (IJSPP) focuses on sport physiology and performance and is dedicated to advancing the knowledge of sport and exercise physiologists, sport-performance researchers, and other sport scientists. The journal publishes authoritative peer-reviewed research in sport physiology and related disciplines, with an emphasis on work having direct practical applications in enhancing sport performance in sport physiology and related disciplines. IJSPP publishes 10 issues per year: January, February, March, April, May, July, August, September, October, and November.