Antifungal Activity of Jatropha curcas Seed Extracts Analysed by GC-MS against Two Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Pathogenic Fungi

Tchasep Wandji Nadège, N. Patrice, Kuate Tueguem Nobert William, Tize Tize, Atindo Songwe Thierry, Ndongo Biyo’o Eric, Ngata Ngadjui Laurence, G. G. F. Christian, N. Bekolo
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Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), native to Africa, is one of the most popular and widely grown seed legumes in arid and semi-arid areas. In these areas, fusarium wilt and white rots caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f.sp. tracheiphilum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are the most devastating pathogens of cowpea crops, causing losses of 50-100 %, respectively. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal potential of biochemical compounds in Jatropha curcas L. seed extracts identified by GC-MS analysis against F. oxysporum and S. sclerotiorum. In vitro tests were carried out using aqueous, acetone and hexane extracts of J. curcas seeds at concentrations of 15, 30, 60 and 120 μL/mL and a synthetic fungicide (3.33 g/L). Mycelial growth and Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC50) were assessed. As a result, J. curcas seed extracts are rich in phytochemical molecules such as 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) ; n-Hexadecanoic acid ; Squalene ; D-Limonene ; 9,15-octadecadienoic acid, methy and 1,3-Dioxane, 5-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl, with antifungal activity. Total inhibition (100%) of mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and S. sclerotiorum was obtained in Petri dishes contaminated with the aqueous and acetone extracts at concentrations C3=60 µL/mL and C4=120 µL/mL, as well as with the synthetic fungicide. The MIC50 obtained with isolates of S. sclerotiorum and F. oxysporum were 9.2 and 9.96 µL/mL with the aqueous extract, respectively followed by the acetone extract (12.96 and 14.97 µL/mL). All Jatropha curcas lethal extracts tested were fungistatic, but the synthetic fungicide was fungicidal. Bioformulation based on J. curcas and characterization of pathogen are needed.
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利用气相色谱-质谱分析麻风树籽提取物对两种豇豆(Vigna unguiculata L.)病原真菌的抗真菌活性
豇豆(Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)原产于非洲,是干旱和半干旱地区最受欢迎和广泛种植的豆科种子植物之一。在这些地区,由 Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f.sp. tracheiphilum 和 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 引起的镰刀菌枯萎病和白腐病是豇豆作物最具破坏性的病原菌,分别造成 50%-100% 的损失。本研究旨在评估通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析确定的麻疯树种子提取物中的生化化合物对 F. oxysporum 和 S. sclerotiorum 的抗真菌潜力。使用浓度为 15、30、60 和 120 μL/mL 的麻风树籽水提取物、丙酮提取物和正己烷提取物以及合成杀真菌剂(3.33 g/L)进行了体外试验。对菌丝生长和最小抑菌浓度(MIC50)进行了评估。结果表明,莪术种子提取物含有丰富的植物化学分子,如 9,12-十八碳二烯酸 (Z,Z);正十六碳酸;角鲨烯;D-柠檬烯;9,15-十八碳二烯酸,甲基和 1,3-二氧六环,5-乙基-2,2-二甲基,具有抗真菌活性。在培养皿中使用浓度为 C3=60 µL/mL 和 C4=120 µL/mL 的水提取物和丙酮提取物以及合成杀真菌剂,可完全(100%)抑制 F. oxysporum 和 S. sclerotiorum 的菌丝生长。对 S. sclerotiorum 和 F. oxysporum 分离物的 MIC50 分别为 9.2 和 9.96 µL/mL 水提取物,其次是丙酮提取物(12.96 和 14.97 µL/mL)。测试的所有麻疯树致死提取物都具有杀真菌作用,但合成杀真菌剂具有杀真菌作用。需要根据麻疯树进行生物制剂和病原体鉴定。
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Antifungal Activity of Jatropha curcas Seed Extracts Analysed by GC-MS against Two Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Pathogenic Fungi Evaluation of the Consistency of MALDI-TOF Results with Traditional Methods for the Identification of Urease-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Wastewater from Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire Chemical Quality of Moringa Paneer Prepared from Buffalo Milk In vitro Development of Two Alternaria solani Strains, Causal Agent of Alternariose in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) under the Influence of Thevetia peruviana Seeds Extracts Influence of New Generation Herbicide on Microbial Biomass Dynamics in Sandy Loam Soil
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