Construction safety challenges and opportunities at design stage for building industry in Pakistan

Imran Murtaza, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Muhammad Asad
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Abstract

The implementation of Design for Construction Safety (DfCS) at the early design phase can proactively identify and address potential hazards in construction projects. By integrating safety considerations into the design process, it becomes possible to eliminate or minimize risks before they become costly and dangerous issues can also be avoided during construction. To gain insights into the current practices and barriers faced by professionals in the construction industry of Pakistan regarding DfCS, a comprehensive study was conducted. This study utilized a combination of questionnaire-based surveys and interviews to gather data from various stakeholders involved in the design and construction processes. The research revealed that DfCS was absent in the standard design practice. The weaknesses identified for the implementation of DfCS were designers’ inevitable doubts about increasing cost, schedule problems, absence of contracts and regulations, designers’ lack of safety knowledge and skills. The largest influential factors were regulatory liability on the designer (29%) and increasing costs (27%). The study identified that less trained worker were rated 59% for site accidents. 87% of respondents suggested revision of contract and regulations. The study proposed a framework to check constructability with respect to safety standards. Alternative project delivery method i.e., Design Build (DB) was recommended to reduce health and safety accidents and barriers.
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巴基斯坦建筑业在设计阶段面临的施工安全挑战和机遇
在早期设计阶段实施施工安全设计(DfCS),可以主动识别和解决施工项目中的潜在危险。将安全因素纳入设计过程,就有可能在风险变为代价高昂的问题之前将其消除或最小化,也可以避免施工过程中的危险问题。为了深入了解巴基斯坦建筑行业专业人员在设计、施工和控制方面的现行做法和面临的障碍,我们开展了一项综合研究。这项研究采用问卷调查和访谈相结合的方式,从参与设计和施工过程的各利益相关方收集数据。研究结果显示,标准设计实践中缺乏 DfCS。实施 DfCS 的薄弱环节是设计人员不可避免地对成本增加产生怀疑、进度问题、合同和法规缺失、设计人员缺乏安全知识和技能。最大的影响因素是设计者的监管责任(29%)和成本增加(27%)。研究发现,59%的工地事故是由训练不足的工人造成的。87% 的受访者建议修订合同和法规。研究提出了一个框架,用于检查安全标准方面的可施工性。建议采用其他项目交付方法,即设计建造法(DB),以减少健康与安全事故和障碍。
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