Electrodeposition of dendrite-free Zn on Au from deep eutectic system based on choline chloride

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/S1003-6326(24)66547-7

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Abstract

The electrochemical deposition of zinc/gold dendrite-free alloys was achieved from deep eutectic solvents based on a mixture of choline chloride and ethylene glycol, without using any additives. Potentiostatic electrodeposition was carried out at relatively low Zn electrodeposition overpotential at different Zn(II) concentrations. Insight into the electrochemical mechanism of the Zn electrodeposition was revealed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chrono- amperometry (CA). The morphology and structure of the obtained electrodeposits were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the elemental analysis was determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) technique. The CV results showed that Zn electrodeposition commences with zinc underpotential deposition (UPD) and proceeds through the zinc overpotential deposition (OPD) region. The deposition potential of the Zn/Zn(II) couple shifts towards more positive value with increased Zn(II) concentration. CA analysis demonstrated that in the zinc OPD region, 3D progressive nucleation starts, followed by 3D growth of depositing zinc. Morphological analysis revealed that electrodeposition commences with the formation of compact Zn islands and proceeds through dendrite-free zinc/gold alloys formed. A formation of several intermetallics, namely cubic AuZn₃ and AuZn along with metallic zinc were identified by XRD analysis.

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基于氯化胆碱的深共晶体系在金上电沉积无枝晶的锌

在不使用任何添加剂的情况下，利用基于氯化胆碱和乙二醇混合物的深共晶溶剂实现了无枝晶锌/金合金的电化学沉积。在不同锌（II）浓度下，在相对较低的锌电沉积过电位下进行了静电电沉积。循环伏安法（CV）和计时安培计（CA）揭示了锌电沉积的电化学机制。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）对所获电沉积物的形态和结构进行了表征，能量色散光谱（EDS）技术则对其进行了元素分析。CV 结果表明，锌电沉积从锌欠电位沉积（UPD）开始，经过锌过电位沉积（OPD）区域。随着锌（II）浓度的增加，锌/锌（II）偶的沉积电位向更正值移动。CA 分析表明，在锌过电位沉积区，三维渐进成核开始，随后沉积锌开始三维生长。形态学分析表明，电沉积从形成紧凑的锌岛开始，通过形成无枝晶的锌/金合金进行。通过 XRD 分析确定了几种金属间化合物的形成，即立方 AuZn3 和 AuZn 以及金属锌。

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来源期刊

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

17.80%

发文量

8456

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China), founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, INSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.