Are primary care physicians familiar enough with potentially inappropriate medications in geriatric care? A cross-sectional study in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and polypharmacy constitute increasing healthcare costs and significant risk for adverse outcomes in older adults. The American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria form a screening tool for the identification of PIMs and guidance for healthcare providers in prescribing appropriate medications. However, primary care physicians’ knowledge of screening tools, of Beers Criteria, in particular, is not known. Therefore, this study was to investigate primary care physicians in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and their awareness of Beers Criteria and knowledge of PIMs. This cross-sectional study was conducted among primary care physicians working in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire that consisted of sections on the general characteristics of respondents and their knowledge of Beers Criteria as a screening tool. Eight clinical-based vignettes concerning different therapeutic areas of medication use in the elderly were included, with a score of 1 and 0 for correct and wrong answers, respectively. Data presented as frequency and percentage. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between duration of practice and the level of awareness about Beers criteria. Of the 121 physicians who returned completed questionnaires, 41.3% of respondents knew about Beers Criteria. Most respondents (52.9%) were confident in prescribing appropriately for elderly patients. The association between the duration of practice and confidence level was statistically significant (P = 0.040). Respondents showed an above-average knowledge of the clinical vignettes with a correct answer rate >50% in all clinical scenarios. Online search (84.2%) and physician colleagues’ knowledge and experiences (39.2%) were the primary source of information reported by the respondents. Awareness of Beers Criteria of primary care physicians in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province is low. Therefore, our results will educate healthcare workers on the importance of Beers Criteria in Geriatric patients’ prescriptions, in order to significantly improve the well-being of the elderly.