Ahmed A. Alkhateeb, Danah F Alrusayyis, Essa A. Alrashedi, Lama Alkhunaizi, Shahad M. Alali, Amal A. Alghamdi
Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) is a valid, reliable tool for screening for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) translated into several languages since 2000. The diagnostic accuracy of an Arabic version of the PSQ has never been tested. Our aim was to translate the original version of PSQ into Arabic (Arabic-PSQ), validate it as a reliable screening tool, and compare it to the gold standard diagnostic method for SRBDs. This was a prospective longitudinal study of 54 children (2–14 years) who were to undergo polysomnography (PSG). SRBD was assessed by administering the Arabic version of PSQ to the parents of these children. The validity and reliability of the Arabic-PSQ were assessed. Data were analyzed using Stata 16. Correlation between with polysomnographic indices and PSQ scores, as well as measurement of the diagnostic accuracy were determined. Receiver operating characteristic analysis between the mean PSQ scores and binary PSG results was done and the area under curve (AUC) value was calculated. Thirty-four (63%) children were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea by PSG (Apnea–Hypopnea Index [AHI] ≥1), 26 of whom were accurately identified with the Arabic-PSQ (76.5%). Arabic-PSQ showed comparable validity and reliability. Using a cutoff of 0.33, the score showed a significant correlation with AHI: Rs: 0.30 (P = 0.029). The sensitivity was 76.5%, the specificity was 50%, the positive predictive was 72.2%, the negative predictive value was 55.6%, the positive likelihood ratio was 1.63, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.37. The Arabic-PSQ is a valid tool for the screening of Arabic-speaking populations for SRBD. It is valuable for directing the diagnostic approach in a timely and cost-effective manner.
{"title":"The diagnostic accuracy of the Arabic version of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire for screening for pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders in Saudi children","authors":"Ahmed A. Alkhateeb, Danah F Alrusayyis, Essa A. Alrashedi, Lama Alkhunaizi, Shahad M. Alali, Amal A. Alghamdi","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_49_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_49_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) is a valid, reliable tool for screening for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) translated into several languages since 2000. The diagnostic accuracy of an Arabic version of the PSQ has never been tested. Our aim was to translate the original version of PSQ into Arabic (Arabic-PSQ), validate it as a reliable screening tool, and compare it to the gold standard diagnostic method for SRBDs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This was a prospective longitudinal study of 54 children (2–14 years) who were to undergo polysomnography (PSG). SRBD was assessed by administering the Arabic version of PSQ to the parents of these children. The validity and reliability of the Arabic-PSQ were assessed. Data were analyzed using Stata 16. Correlation between with polysomnographic indices and PSQ scores, as well as measurement of the diagnostic accuracy were determined. Receiver operating characteristic analysis between the mean PSQ scores and binary PSG results was done and the area under curve (AUC) value was calculated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Thirty-four (63%) children were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea by PSG (Apnea–Hypopnea Index [AHI] ≥1), 26 of whom were accurately identified with the Arabic-PSQ (76.5%). Arabic-PSQ showed comparable validity and reliability. Using a cutoff of 0.33, the score showed a significant correlation with AHI: Rs: 0.30 (P = 0.029). The sensitivity was 76.5%, the specificity was 50%, the positive predictive was 72.2%, the negative predictive value was 55.6%, the positive likelihood ratio was 1.63, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.37.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The Arabic-PSQ is a valid tool for the screening of Arabic-speaking populations for SRBD. It is valuable for directing the diagnostic approach in a timely and cost-effective manner.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Many studies have identified the risk factors associated with DR, but there is not much evidence on the importance of these factors for DR. This study aimed to investigate the associated factors for patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and calculate the importance of the identified factors. Using probability proportionate to size sampling method in this community-based cross-sectional study, 22 community health service centers were selected from 10 administrative districts in Shenzhen, China. Approximately 60 T2DM patients were recruited from each center. The participants completed a structural questionnaire, had their venous blood collected, and underwent medical examinations and fundus photography. Logistic regression models were used to identify the risk factors of DR. The classification and regression tree (CART) model was used to calculate the importance of the identified risk factors. This study recruited 1097 T2DM patients, 266 of whom were identified as having DR, yielding a prevalence rate of 24.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.7%–26.9%). Results showed that a longer duration of DM, indoor-type lifestyle, and higher levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or urea increased the risk of DR. Patients with HbA1c values ≥7% were about 2.45 times (odds ratio: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.83–3.29) more likely to have DR than their counterparts. The CART model found that the values of variable importance for HbA1c, DM duration, lifestyle (i.e., indoor type), and urea were 48%, 37%, 10%, and 4%, respectively. The prevalence of DR is high for T2DM patients who receive DM health management services from the primary healthcare system. HbA1c is the most important risk factor for DR. Integration of DR screening and HbA1c testing into the healthcare services for T2DM to reduce vision impairment and blindness is urgently warranted.
{"title":"Assessing the importance of risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Results from the classification and regression tree models","authors":"Ziyang Zhang, Deliang Lv, Yueyue You, Zhiguang Zhao, Wei Hu, Fengzhu Xie, Yali Lin, Wei Xie, Xiaobing Wu","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_354_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_354_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Many studies have identified the risk factors associated with DR, but there is not much evidence on the importance of these factors for DR. This study aimed to investigate the associated factors for patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and calculate the importance of the identified factors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Using probability proportionate to size sampling method in this community-based cross-sectional study, 22 community health service centers were selected from 10 administrative districts in Shenzhen, China. Approximately 60 T2DM patients were recruited from each center. The participants completed a structural questionnaire, had their venous blood collected, and underwent medical examinations and fundus photography. Logistic regression models were used to identify the risk factors of DR. The classification and regression tree (CART) model was used to calculate the importance of the identified risk factors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study recruited 1097 T2DM patients, 266 of whom were identified as having DR, yielding a prevalence rate of 24.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.7%–26.9%). Results showed that a longer duration of DM, indoor-type lifestyle, and higher levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or urea increased the risk of DR. Patients with HbA1c values ≥7% were about 2.45 times (odds ratio: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.83–3.29) more likely to have DR than their counterparts. The CART model found that the values of variable importance for HbA1c, DM duration, lifestyle (i.e., indoor type), and urea were 48%, 37%, 10%, and 4%, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The prevalence of DR is high for T2DM patients who receive DM health management services from the primary healthcare system. HbA1c is the most important risk factor for DR. Integration of DR screening and HbA1c testing into the healthcare services for T2DM to reduce vision impairment and blindness is urgently warranted.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Yar, A. Salem, N. Rafique, R. Latif, I. Siddiqui, Mohammad H. Shaikh, M. A. Aleid, Husain H. Almahfoudh, Mohammed F. Alsaffar, Abdullah Al Ibrahim, Ali J. Almadan, Sana M. Alaidarous, Razan A. Almulhim
Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 (COMPASS-31) is an easy-to-use screening tool for the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction in various diseases affecting neural function but has rarely been used in the assessment of long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the COMPASS-31 score in detecting dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system in patients 3 months after COVID-19 infection. Fifty-nine subjects were recruited and grouped into 2: (a) controls (n = 31) who had never had positive polymerase chain reaction results for COVID-19 before and (b) the post-COVID-19 patients (n = 28) who had confirmed COVID-19 infection 3–6 months before recruitment. COMPASS-31 questionnaire was utilized to evaluate subjective symptoms or evidence of autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction was assessed objectively by cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) and heart rate variability (HRV). For comparison of quantitative variables between two groups, t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate, were used. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), negative likelihood ratio (LR), and positive LR were used as measures of diagnostic accuracy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the overall accuracy of COMPASS-31. The median COMPASS score was found to be significantly higher in post-COVID-19 participants than controls (15.5 vs. 10, P = 0.021). The median total CART score was also significantly higher in post-COVID-19 participants (0 vs. 1, P < 0.001). Out of 6 domains of the COMPASS score, the median value for orthostatic dysfunction was found to be significantly higher in post-COVID-19 participants than controls (12 vs. 0, P = 0.008). There was significantly fair accuracy of the COMPASS score with an area under the receiver operating curve 0.68 (0.54–0.82) following the total CART score ≥2 as the gold standard in the diagnosis of autonomic dysfunction (P = 0.021). The best cutoff point of the total COMPASS score was 12.5, where the optimal values of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were achieved. Nonsignificant and weak correlations between CARTs, HRV parameters, and COMPASS score were found. COMPASS-31 could be used as a user-friendly screening tool to detect autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 cases with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.
{"title":"Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 for the diagnosis of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in long-term coronavirus disease 2019","authors":"T. Yar, A. Salem, N. Rafique, R. Latif, I. Siddiqui, Mohammad H. Shaikh, M. A. Aleid, Husain H. Almahfoudh, Mohammed F. Alsaffar, Abdullah Al Ibrahim, Ali J. Almadan, Sana M. Alaidarous, Razan A. Almulhim","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_20_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_20_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 (COMPASS-31) is an easy-to-use screening tool for the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction in various diseases affecting neural function but has rarely been used in the assessment of long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the COMPASS-31 score in detecting dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system in patients 3 months after COVID-19 infection.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Fifty-nine subjects were recruited and grouped into 2: (a) controls (n = 31) who had never had positive polymerase chain reaction results for COVID-19 before and (b) the post-COVID-19 patients (n = 28) who had confirmed COVID-19 infection 3–6 months before recruitment. COMPASS-31 questionnaire was utilized to evaluate subjective symptoms or evidence of autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction was assessed objectively by cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) and heart rate variability (HRV). For comparison of quantitative variables between two groups, t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate, were used. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), negative likelihood ratio (LR), and positive LR were used as measures of diagnostic accuracy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the overall accuracy of COMPASS-31.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The median COMPASS score was found to be significantly higher in post-COVID-19 participants than controls (15.5 vs. 10, P = 0.021). The median total CART score was also significantly higher in post-COVID-19 participants (0 vs. 1, P < 0.001). Out of 6 domains of the COMPASS score, the median value for orthostatic dysfunction was found to be significantly higher in post-COVID-19 participants than controls (12 vs. 0, P = 0.008). There was significantly fair accuracy of the COMPASS score with an area under the receiver operating curve 0.68 (0.54–0.82) following the total CART score ≥2 as the gold standard in the diagnosis of autonomic dysfunction (P = 0.021). The best cutoff point of the total COMPASS score was 12.5, where the optimal values of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were achieved. Nonsignificant and weak correlations between CARTs, HRV parameters, and COMPASS score were found.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 COMPASS-31 could be used as a user-friendly screening tool to detect autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 cases with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim Albawardi, Layla A. Abu Abdullah, Fatimah S. Alzouri, Hawra M. Aldar, Manar A. Al-Shiban, Dalal M AlBakr, J. A. Almusailhi, Saleh M. AlSaidan, Ali M. Sonbaa
Healthcare professionals who work in mental health institutions are more exposed to psychotropic medications than those in other healthcare institutions and are, therefore, more likely to self-prescribe. Self-prescription is a concerning phenomenon because of the potential for medication misuse, drug interaction, addiction, and other social, physical, and psychological consequences. This study investigated the prevalence of self-prescription of psychotropic medications and the most common self-prescribed psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals in mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia. It also aimed to determine the possible side effects and factors associated with self-prescription of psychotropic medications. This was a cross-sectional study using an electronic survey consisting of a researcher-designed checklist, targeting healthcare professionals in mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia. The independent variables were sex, nationality, occupation, place of residence, place of work, previous diagnosis of mental illness, marital, and living status. Data were analyzed, using SPSS, and frequency distribution and percentages were calculated. Chi-square test was employed to determine association between self-prescription and various independent variables. The final sample size was 588; 9.5% healthcare professionals working at mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia admitted to self-prescription with psychotropic medications. Almost half of those who admitted to self-prescription (48.2%) and about 1/4 (23.2%) self-prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and benzodiazepines, respectively. The most commonly reported side effects of self-prescription were gastrointestinal symptoms and drowsiness. The study also suggested that males were significantly more prone to self-prescribing than females (P < 0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first study in Saudi Arabia to assess the self-prescription of psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals at mental health institutions. This study is important for decision-makers in their planning and updating of prescription policies. It is also equally important to spread awareness among healthcare professionals about the consequences of self-prescription.
{"title":"Self-prescription with psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals working at mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ibrahim Albawardi, Layla A. Abu Abdullah, Fatimah S. Alzouri, Hawra M. Aldar, Manar A. Al-Shiban, Dalal M AlBakr, J. A. Almusailhi, Saleh M. AlSaidan, Ali M. Sonbaa","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_1_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_1_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Healthcare professionals who work in mental health institutions are more exposed to psychotropic medications than those in other healthcare institutions and are, therefore, more likely to self-prescribe. Self-prescription is a concerning phenomenon because of the potential for medication misuse, drug interaction, addiction, and other social, physical, and psychological consequences. This study investigated the prevalence of self-prescription of psychotropic medications and the most common self-prescribed psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals in mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia. It also aimed to determine the possible side effects and factors associated with self-prescription of psychotropic medications.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This was a cross-sectional study using an electronic survey consisting of a researcher-designed checklist, targeting healthcare professionals in mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia. The independent variables were sex, nationality, occupation, place of residence, place of work, previous diagnosis of mental illness, marital, and living status. Data were analyzed, using SPSS, and frequency distribution and percentages were calculated. Chi-square test was employed to determine association between self-prescription and various independent variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The final sample size was 588; 9.5% healthcare professionals working at mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia admitted to self-prescription with psychotropic medications. Almost half of those who admitted to self-prescription (48.2%) and about 1/4 (23.2%) self-prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and benzodiazepines, respectively. The most commonly reported side effects of self-prescription were gastrointestinal symptoms and drowsiness. The study also suggested that males were significantly more prone to self-prescribing than females (P < 0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To our knowledge, this is the first study in Saudi Arabia to assess the self-prescription of psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals at mental health institutions. This study is important for decision-makers in their planning and updating of prescription policies. It is also equally important to spread awareness among healthcare professionals about the consequences of self-prescription.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_341_23
Eman Sharaf, Basem A. A. AlUbaidi, Mahmood A. Alawainati, Manal Al Maskati, Layal Alnajjar
In-flight medical emergency (IFE) impose considerable challenges on healthcare workers (HCWs) because of limited resources, constrained environment, and medico-legal issues. This study assessed HCWs knowledge, willingness, and confidence in addressing in-flight medical emergencies. A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2023 among nurses and physicians working in primary healthcare centers and governmental hospitals in Bahrain. Subjects were selected using stratified random sampling; a self-administered online questionnaire of high reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.914) was used to collect the data. Logistic regression analysis were performed to determine association of knowledge, willingness, and confidence in dealing with in-flight emergencies with various characteristics of HCWs. The study included 805 HCWs with mean age of 35.5 years (SD=9.2). The findings indicated deficiency in training, with <10% of participants trained on IFE. A considerable proportion of participants exhibited low levels of knowledge (88.3%) and confidence (75.9%) with IFE. Nonetheless, more than half of the participants expressed the willingness to assist in IFE (59.1%). Non-Bahraini healthcare professionals (odds ratio [OR] = 2.901, P < 0.001) had higher knowledge of IFE. Nurses (OR = 1.642, P = 0.047) and participants with longer work experience had higher willingness to assist in IFE. In addition, professionals who were non-Bahraini (OR = 3.249, P < 0.001), working in secondary care (OR = 1.619, 95% confidence interval P = 0.021), had had training on IFE (OR = 2.247, P = 0.004), and had encountered IFE before (OR = 1.974, P = 0.006) had greater self-confidence levels. Considering the low levels of knowledge and confidence healthcare professionals in Bahrain had with regard to IFE, targeted training initiatives and educational programs are necessary to improve HCW’s confidence and preparedness to deal with such emergencies.
{"title":"Willingness and self-confidence of healthcare workers in Bahrain in assisting with in-flight emergencies","authors":"Eman Sharaf, Basem A. A. AlUbaidi, Mahmood A. Alawainati, Manal Al Maskati, Layal Alnajjar","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_341_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_341_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In-flight medical emergency (IFE) impose considerable challenges on healthcare workers (HCWs) because of limited resources, constrained environment, and medico-legal issues. This study assessed HCWs knowledge, willingness, and confidence in addressing in-flight medical emergencies.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2023 among nurses and physicians working in primary healthcare centers and governmental hospitals in Bahrain. Subjects were selected using stratified random sampling; a self-administered online questionnaire of high reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.914) was used to collect the data. Logistic regression analysis were performed to determine association of knowledge, willingness, and confidence in dealing with in-flight emergencies with various characteristics of HCWs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study included 805 HCWs with mean age of 35.5 years (SD=9.2). The findings indicated deficiency in training, with <10% of participants trained on IFE. A considerable proportion of participants exhibited low levels of knowledge (88.3%) and confidence (75.9%) with IFE. Nonetheless, more than half of the participants expressed the willingness to assist in IFE (59.1%). Non-Bahraini healthcare professionals (odds ratio [OR] = 2.901, P < 0.001) had higher knowledge of IFE. Nurses (OR = 1.642, P = 0.047) and participants with longer work experience had higher willingness to assist in IFE. In addition, professionals who were non-Bahraini (OR = 3.249, P < 0.001), working in secondary care (OR = 1.619, 95% confidence interval P = 0.021), had had training on IFE (OR = 2.247, P = 0.004), and had encountered IFE before (OR = 1.974, P = 0.006) had greater self-confidence levels.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Considering the low levels of knowledge and confidence healthcare professionals in Bahrain had with regard to IFE, targeted training initiatives and educational programs are necessary to improve HCW’s confidence and preparedness to deal with such emergencies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_308_23
A. Alsunni, R. Latif, Deena A. Aldossary, Lama I. Aloraifi
Several universities switched back to face-to-face teaching in 2022 after 2 years of online classes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. There is no data from these students/teachers on the challenges in postpandemic face-to-face teaching and learning. The current study’s aim was to identify the challenges of face-to-face teaching and learning postpandemic from the perspective of students and instructors. Undergraduate medical students (n = 210) registered in Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University and instructors (n = 72) filled out online questionnaires from November 2022 to March 2023 on teaching–learning challenges in the postpandemic period. The questionnaires asked students about their interest in education, scores, degree of shyness, how clear the voices of the instructors wearing face masks were, fear of COVID-19, preferred mode of teaching, and advantages/disadvantages of face-to-face teaching. Descriptive statistics included frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables; Chi-square test was applied to assess association between categorical variables. Students reported a decrease in their educational interest postpandemic (47.1%), diffidence in interaction (42.4%), blurred teachers’ voices because of the face masks (63.3%), and lack of teachers’ empathy (47.6%). There was a significant association between preclinical year students and a decrease in educational interest (P = 0.002), diffidence in class interactions (P = 0.001), and fear of contracting COVID-19 infection while interacting with teachers (P = 0.04). Instructors complained of a decrease in students’ interest in education (65.3%), especially the instructors of the clinical years (16.7% vs. 2.1%; P = 0.022). About 10% students reported taking leave from university on purpose due to fear of contracting COVID-19 infection; students and instructors both supported lecture recordings (98.6% and 63.9%, respectively). The students’ and instructors’ preferred platform for learning was “hybrid” (80.5% and 63.9%, respectively). Challenges faced by the students include decreased interest in learning, drop in scores, muffled voices because of the face masks, increased shyness, waste of time in commutes, lack of flexibility in schedules, increased workload, and fear of catching COVID-19 infection. There is strong support for hybrid/blended learning and recording lectures.
{"title":"Opinion of medical students and instructors on the challenges of in-person learning postcoronavirus disease 2019 pandemic","authors":"A. Alsunni, R. Latif, Deena A. Aldossary, Lama I. Aloraifi","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_308_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_308_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Several universities switched back to face-to-face teaching in 2022 after 2 years of online classes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. There is no data from these students/teachers on the challenges in postpandemic face-to-face teaching and learning. The current study’s aim was to identify the challenges of face-to-face teaching and learning postpandemic from the perspective of students and instructors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Undergraduate medical students (n = 210) registered in Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University and instructors (n = 72) filled out online questionnaires from November 2022 to March 2023 on teaching–learning challenges in the postpandemic period. The questionnaires asked students about their interest in education, scores, degree of shyness, how clear the voices of the instructors wearing face masks were, fear of COVID-19, preferred mode of teaching, and advantages/disadvantages of face-to-face teaching. Descriptive statistics included frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables; Chi-square test was applied to assess association between categorical variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Students reported a decrease in their educational interest postpandemic (47.1%), diffidence in interaction (42.4%), blurred teachers’ voices because of the face masks (63.3%), and lack of teachers’ empathy (47.6%). There was a significant association between preclinical year students and a decrease in educational interest (P = 0.002), diffidence in class interactions (P = 0.001), and fear of contracting COVID-19 infection while interacting with teachers (P = 0.04). Instructors complained of a decrease in students’ interest in education (65.3%), especially the instructors of the clinical years (16.7% vs. 2.1%; P = 0.022). About 10% students reported taking leave from university on purpose due to fear of contracting COVID-19 infection; students and instructors both supported lecture recordings (98.6% and 63.9%, respectively). The students’ and instructors’ preferred platform for learning was “hybrid” (80.5% and 63.9%, respectively).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Challenges faced by the students include decreased interest in learning, drop in scores, muffled voices because of the face masks, increased shyness, waste of time in commutes, lack of flexibility in schedules, increased workload, and fear of catching COVID-19 infection. There is strong support for hybrid/blended learning and recording lectures.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_238_23
Khalid AlHarkan, Abdulaziz M. Alfarea, Abdulrahman F. Alkhateeb, Safaa A. Alsousi, Sarah A. Althwaiqb, Malak O. Alshammari
Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and polypharmacy constitute increasing healthcare costs and significant risk for adverse outcomes in older adults. The American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria form a screening tool for the identification of PIMs and guidance for healthcare providers in prescribing appropriate medications. However, primary care physicians’ knowledge of screening tools, of Beers Criteria, in particular, is not known. Therefore, this study was to investigate primary care physicians in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and their awareness of Beers Criteria and knowledge of PIMs. This cross-sectional study was conducted among primary care physicians working in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire that consisted of sections on the general characteristics of respondents and their knowledge of Beers Criteria as a screening tool. Eight clinical-based vignettes concerning different therapeutic areas of medication use in the elderly were included, with a score of 1 and 0 for correct and wrong answers, respectively. Data presented as frequency and percentage. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between duration of practice and the level of awareness about Beers criteria. Of the 121 physicians who returned completed questionnaires, 41.3% of respondents knew about Beers Criteria. Most respondents (52.9%) were confident in prescribing appropriately for elderly patients. The association between the duration of practice and confidence level was statistically significant (P = 0.040). Respondents showed an above-average knowledge of the clinical vignettes with a correct answer rate >50% in all clinical scenarios. Online search (84.2%) and physician colleagues’ knowledge and experiences (39.2%) were the primary source of information reported by the respondents. Awareness of Beers Criteria of primary care physicians in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province is low. Therefore, our results will educate healthcare workers on the importance of Beers Criteria in Geriatric patients’ prescriptions, in order to significantly improve the well-being of the elderly.
{"title":"Are primary care physicians familiar enough with potentially inappropriate medications in geriatric care? A cross-sectional study in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khalid AlHarkan, Abdulaziz M. Alfarea, Abdulrahman F. Alkhateeb, Safaa A. Alsousi, Sarah A. Althwaiqb, Malak O. Alshammari","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_238_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_238_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and polypharmacy constitute increasing healthcare costs and significant risk for adverse outcomes in older adults. The American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria form a screening tool for the identification of PIMs and guidance for healthcare providers in prescribing appropriate medications. However, primary care physicians’ knowledge of screening tools, of Beers Criteria, in particular, is not known. Therefore, this study was to investigate primary care physicians in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and their awareness of Beers Criteria and knowledge of PIMs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This cross-sectional study was conducted among primary care physicians working in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire that consisted of sections on the general characteristics of respondents and their knowledge of Beers Criteria as a screening tool. Eight clinical-based vignettes concerning different therapeutic areas of medication use in the elderly were included, with a score of 1 and 0 for correct and wrong answers, respectively. Data presented as frequency and percentage. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between duration of practice and the level of awareness about Beers criteria.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Of the 121 physicians who returned completed questionnaires, 41.3% of respondents knew about Beers Criteria. Most respondents (52.9%) were confident in prescribing appropriately for elderly patients. The association between the duration of practice and confidence level was statistically significant (P = 0.040). Respondents showed an above-average knowledge of the clinical vignettes with a correct answer rate >50% in all clinical scenarios. Online search (84.2%) and physician colleagues’ knowledge and experiences (39.2%) were the primary source of information reported by the respondents.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Awareness of Beers Criteria of primary care physicians in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province is low. Therefore, our results will educate healthcare workers on the importance of Beers Criteria in Geriatric patients’ prescriptions, in order to significantly improve the well-being of the elderly.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. I. Ali, Mahmoud M. Rashad, Nasser M. Alzain, Feras A Al-Awad, Mohammed A. Alzaharani, Abdulsalam S. Alshamarani, Mohammed S. Almuqahwi, Shrief Y. Afifi
Research has showed a link between patients with methamphetamine dependence and the risk of impulsiveness, aggression, and the risk of suicide. But, this link has not been studied in patients abusing methamphetamine, and it is unknown how impulsiveness, aggression, and the risk of suicide affect them. This cross-sectional study included 130 adult patients diagnosed with the disorder of the use of amphetamine, methamphetamine, cannabinoids, alcohol, other substances, and polysubstance admitted in the Addiction Department for Mental Health. Participants were interviewed for detailed psychiatric history using a structured questionnaire comprising of structured clinical interview for diagnosis I, Arabic version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation for the evaluation of suicidal ideation and behavior, and the Aggression and Hostility scale for adolescents and youth. SPSS was used for data analysis; Initial analysis included descriptive statistics: frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test assessed for association between categorical variables, whereas one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/ Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare continuous variables. Patients who used methamphetamine either alone (23%) or with polysubstance (42.6%) were associated with higher suicidal risk than patients who did use other substances than methamphetamine (36.1%). A comparison of the three groups on impulsivity, showed significant difference regarding total scores, motor preservation, and non-planning self-control. No significant differences found between three groups on the aggression scores. There was a higher rate of impulsivity and suicidal risk in patients with methamphetamine dependence in comparison to dependence on other substances, while there was no difference with regard to aggression between patients with methamphetamine dependence and those dependent on other substances. This finding raises the issue of methamphetamine use disorder as a new substance of dependence.
研究表明，甲基苯丙胺依赖患者与冲动、攻击性和自杀风险之间存在联系。但是，这种联系尚未在滥用甲基苯丙胺的患者中进行过研究，他们的冲动性、攻击性和自杀风险会受到怎样的影响尚不得而知。 这项横断面研究包括精神健康成瘾科收治的 130 名被诊断为使用苯丙胺、甲基苯丙胺、大麻类药物、酒精、其他物质和多种物质的成人患者。使用结构化问卷对参与者进行了详细的精神病史访谈，问卷包括诊断 I 结构化临床访谈、阿拉伯语版巴拉特冲动量表-11（BIS）、用于评估自杀意念和行为的贝克自杀意念量表以及青少年攻击和敌意量表。数据分析采用 SPSS；初步分析包括描述性统计：分类变量的频率和百分比，连续变量的平均值和标准差。池方检验/费舍尔精确检验用于评估分类变量之间的关联，而单向方差分析（ANOVA）/Kruskal-Wallis检验则用于比较连续变量。 与使用甲基苯丙胺以外的其他物质的患者（36.1%）相比，单独使用甲基苯丙胺（23%）或使用多种物质（42.6%）的患者具有更高的自杀风险。三组患者在冲动性方面的比较显示，他们在总分、运动自制力和非计划性自我控制方面存在显著差异。在攻击性得分方面，三组之间没有发现明显差异。 与依赖其他药物的患者相比，甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的冲动率和自杀风险更高，而在攻击性方面，甲基苯丙胺依赖患者与依赖其他药物的患者没有差异。这一发现提出了甲基苯丙胺使用障碍作为一种新的依赖物质的问题。
{"title":"Impulsiveness, suicide, and aggression in a sample of patients with disorders of methyl amphetamine use","authors":"M. I. Ali, Mahmoud M. Rashad, Nasser M. Alzain, Feras A Al-Awad, Mohammed A. Alzaharani, Abdulsalam S. Alshamarani, Mohammed S. Almuqahwi, Shrief Y. Afifi","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_4_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_4_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Research has showed a link between patients with methamphetamine dependence and the risk of impulsiveness, aggression, and the risk of suicide. But, this link has not been studied in patients abusing methamphetamine, and it is unknown how impulsiveness, aggression, and the risk of suicide affect them.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This cross-sectional study included 130 adult patients diagnosed with the disorder of the use of amphetamine, methamphetamine, cannabinoids, alcohol, other substances, and polysubstance admitted in the Addiction Department for Mental Health. Participants were interviewed for detailed psychiatric history using a structured questionnaire comprising of structured clinical interview for diagnosis I, Arabic version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation for the evaluation of suicidal ideation and behavior, and the Aggression and Hostility scale for adolescents and youth. SPSS was used for data analysis; Initial analysis included descriptive statistics: frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test assessed for association between categorical variables, whereas one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/ Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare continuous variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Patients who used methamphetamine either alone (23%) or with polysubstance (42.6%) were associated with higher suicidal risk than patients who did use other substances than methamphetamine (36.1%). A comparison of the three groups on impulsivity, showed significant difference regarding total scores, motor preservation, and non-planning self-control. No significant differences found between three groups on the aggression scores.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There was a higher rate of impulsivity and suicidal risk in patients with methamphetamine dependence in comparison to dependence on other substances, while there was no difference with regard to aggression between patients with methamphetamine dependence and those dependent on other substances. This finding raises the issue of methamphetamine use disorder as a new substance of dependence.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_332_23
Eman I. M. Raslan, Sarah A. Abdelmoaty, G. Khafagy
Different approaches, especially the patient-centered approach with emphasis on the patient’s empowerment, were used with diabetic patients to ensure a better quality of life. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of patient empowerment versus traditional health education models on the satisfaction of diabetic patients. A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 130 patients, aged 40–65 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and attending a family medicine outpatient clinic. Patients were blinded and randomly allocated into one of the two Groups (A and B) for a health education session with trained family physicians using the empowerment model and the traditional model, respectively. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the consultation satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ). The relations between different qualitative variables were assessed by Chi-square test; differences in various quantitative variables were determined by t-test and ANOVA. Pearson correlation assessed the correlation between age and different domains as well as the total questionnaire scores of both groups. A highly statistically significant difference was found between Group A (n = 65) and Group B (n = 65) for the general satisfaction scale, professional care analysis, depth, and length of consultation (P < 0.001). In Group A, 61.5% were highly satisfied and 35.4% were moderately satisfied, while in Group B, 41.5% were moderately satisfied and 43.1% were neutral. Regarding physicians’ perceptions of the communication process with patients during the health education sessions, 83% in Group A perceived it as good, while 69.2% in Group B perceived it as average. The patient empowerment model of health education was linked to higher rates of patient satisfaction and a better physician perception of the communication process during the consultation. The study was self-funded, and no harm was done to the patients.
为确保提高糖尿病患者的生活质量，对他们采用了不同的方法，特别是以患者为中心的方法，强调增强患者的能力。这项研究旨在评估患者赋权与传统健康教育模式对糖尿病患者满意度的影响。 研究对 130 名年龄在 40-65 岁之间、确诊为 2 型糖尿病并在家庭医学门诊就诊的患者进行了随机临床试验。患者被盲法随机分配到两组（A 组和 B 组）中的一组，分别接受经过培训的家庭医生使用赋权模式和传统模式进行的健康教育课程。患者的满意度通过问诊满意度问卷（CSQ）进行评估。不同定性变量之间的关系采用卡方检验；不同定量变量之间的差异采用 t 检验和方差分析。皮尔逊相关性评估了两组患者的年龄与不同领域以及问卷总分之间的相关性。 A 组（n = 65）和 B 组（n = 65）在总体满意度量表、专业护理分析、深度和会诊时长方面的差异具有高度统计学意义（P < 0.001）。在 A 组中，61.5% 的人表示非常满意，35.4% 的人表示中度满意，而在 B 组中，41.5% 的人表示中度满意，43.1% 的人表示不满意。关于医生对健康教育课上与患者沟通过程的看法，A 组中 83% 的医生认为沟通过程良好，而 B 组中 69.2% 的医生认为沟通过程一般。 患者赋权健康教育模式与患者满意度较高以及医生对咨询过程中的沟通过程有较好的感知有关。这项研究是自筹资金进行的，没有对患者造成任何伤害。
{"title":"The effect of patients’ empowerment on satisfaction of diabetic patients attending primary care clinics","authors":"Eman I. M. Raslan, Sarah A. Abdelmoaty, G. Khafagy","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_332_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_332_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Different approaches, especially the patient-centered approach with emphasis on the patient’s empowerment, were used with diabetic patients to ensure a better quality of life. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of patient empowerment versus traditional health education models on the satisfaction of diabetic patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 130 patients, aged 40–65 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and attending a family medicine outpatient clinic. Patients were blinded and randomly allocated into one of the two Groups (A and B) for a health education session with trained family physicians using the empowerment model and the traditional model, respectively. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the consultation satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ). The relations between different qualitative variables were assessed by Chi-square test; differences in various quantitative variables were determined by t-test and ANOVA. Pearson correlation assessed the correlation between age and different domains as well as the total questionnaire scores of both groups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A highly statistically significant difference was found between Group A (n = 65) and Group B (n = 65) for the general satisfaction scale, professional care analysis, depth, and length of consultation (P < 0.001). In Group A, 61.5% were highly satisfied and 35.4% were moderately satisfied, while in Group B, 41.5% were moderately satisfied and 43.1% were neutral. Regarding physicians’ perceptions of the communication process with patients during the health education sessions, 83% in Group A perceived it as good, while 69.2% in Group B perceived it as average.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The patient empowerment model of health education was linked to higher rates of patient satisfaction and a better physician perception of the communication process during the consultation. The study was self-funded, and no harm was done to the patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_356_23
Naila Hamid, Muhammad O. Malik, Bibi Hajira, Inayat Shah, Mahnoor Azhar
The benefits of dietary macronutrients for weight management depend on the integrity of gut hormones. The role of food temperature in the release of satiety hormones and satiety needs elucidation. We aimed to determine the impact of different food temperatures with varying macronutrient compositions on satiety-related gut hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) and find the correlation of satiety hormones with appetite scores and remainder-day food (energy) intake. Thirteen healthy participants (eight males and five females) aged 25–35 years with body mass index 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 with no medical illnesses or eating disorders consumed three compositions of meals (high carbohydrate, high fat, and high protein meals) each at three temperatures (cold, warm, and hot) in a randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover design. Plasma concentrations of peptide hormones were determined at 0, 30, and 240 minutes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and 24-hours food recall was used for remainder-day food intake (remainder energy). A comparison of the three meals at the three temperatures (total of nine groups), showed that the GLP-1 and CCK plasma concentrations were significantly different (P < 0.001). GLP-1 and CCK responses increased more after hot meals than cold meals. Overall, high-fat meals had more effective gut hormone secretions. The area under the curve was increased for GLP-1 in high-fat meals and for CCK in hot meals. The peptide hormones (GLP-1 and CCK) were positively correlated with satiety scores and inversely with remainder food intake. The temperature of food was found to be an effective stimulus for the regulation of CCK and GLP-1 secretion. Hot food temperature increased satiety hormones (CCK and GLP-1), independent of food macronutrient composition.
{"title":"Food temperature altered macronutrients induced changes in satiety hormones; glucagon - like peptide -1 and cholecystokinin and their correlation with subjective satiety","authors":"Naila Hamid, Muhammad O. Malik, Bibi Hajira, Inayat Shah, Mahnoor Azhar","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_356_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_356_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The benefits of dietary macronutrients for weight management depend on the integrity of gut hormones. The role of food temperature in the release of satiety hormones and satiety needs elucidation. We aimed to determine the impact of different food temperatures with varying macronutrient compositions on satiety-related gut hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) and find the correlation of satiety hormones with appetite scores and remainder-day food (energy) intake.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Thirteen healthy participants (eight males and five females) aged 25–35 years with body mass index 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 with no medical illnesses or eating disorders consumed three compositions of meals (high carbohydrate, high fat, and high protein meals) each at three temperatures (cold, warm, and hot) in a randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover design. Plasma concentrations of peptide hormones were determined at 0, 30, and 240 minutes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and 24-hours food recall was used for remainder-day food intake (remainder energy).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A comparison of the three meals at the three temperatures (total of nine groups), showed that the GLP-1 and CCK plasma concentrations were significantly different (P < 0.001). GLP-1 and CCK responses increased more after hot meals than cold meals. Overall, high-fat meals had more effective gut hormone secretions. The area under the curve was increased for GLP-1 in high-fat meals and for CCK in hot meals. The peptide hormones (GLP-1 and CCK) were positively correlated with satiety scores and inversely with remainder food intake.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The temperature of food was found to be an effective stimulus for the regulation of CCK and GLP-1 secretion. Hot food temperature increased satiety hormones (CCK and GLP-1), independent of food macronutrient composition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：