Effects of gravel on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony soil

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Arid Land Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI:10.1007/s40333-024-0079-y
Yan Ma, Youqi Wang, Chengfeng Ma, Cheng Yuan, Yiru Bai
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Abstract

The eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in China are a typical mountainous region of soil and gravel, where gravel could affect the water movement process in the soil. This study focused on the effects of different gravel contents on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony soil. The stony soil samples were collected from the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in April 2023 and used as the experimental materials to conduct a one-dimensional horizontal soil column absorption experiment. Six experimental groups with gravel contents of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% were established to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), saturated water content (θs), initial water content (θi), and retention water content (θr), and explore the changes in the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume during the absorption experiment. The Philip model was used to fit the soil absorption process and determine the soil water absorption rate. Then the length of the characteristic wetting front depth, shape coefficient, empirical parameter, inverse intake suction and soil water suction were derived from the van Genuchten model. Finally, the hydraulic parameters mentioned above were used to fit the soil water characteristic curves, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Kθ) and specific water capacity (C(h)). The results showed that the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume of each treatment gradually decreased with increasing gravel content. Compared with control check treatment with gravel content of 0%, soil water absorption rates in the treatments with gravel contents of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% decreased by 11.47%, 17.97%, 25.24%, 29.83%, and 42.45%, respectively. As the gravel content increased, inverse intake suction gradually increased, and shape coefficient, Ks, θs, and θr gradually decreased. For the same soil water content, soil water suction and Kθ gradually decreased with increasing gravel content. At the same soil water suction, C(h) decreased with increasing gravel content, and the water use efficiency worsened. Overall, the water holding capacity, hydraulic conductivity, and water use efficiency of stony soil in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains decreased with increasing gravel content. This study could provide data support for improving soil water use efficiency in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains and other similar rocky mountainous areas.

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砾石对石质土壤吸水特性和水力参数的影响
中国贺兰山东麓是典型的土石山区,砾石会影响土壤中水的运动过程。本研究主要探讨了不同砾石含量对石质土壤吸水特性和水力参数的影响。本研究于 2023 年 4 月在贺兰山东麓采集了石质土壤样品,并以此为实验材料进行了一维水平土柱吸水实验。建立了 6 个实验组,砾石含量分别为 0%、10%、20%、30%、40% 和 50%,分别测定了饱和导水率(Ks)、饱和含水率(θs)、初始含水率(θi)和保留含水率(θr),并探讨了吸收实验过程中润湿前沿深度和累积吸收体积的变化。利用 Philip 模型拟合土壤吸水过程,确定土壤吸水速率。然后根据 van Genuchten 模型推导出特征湿润前沿深度长度、形状系数、经验参数、反向吸入吸力和土壤水吸力。最后,利用上述水力参数拟合了土壤水特征曲线、非饱和水力传导系数(Kθ)和比水容量(C(h))。结果表明,随着砾石含量的增加,各处理的湿润前沿深度和累积吸收量逐渐减小。与砾石含量为 0% 的对照组相比,砾石含量为 10%、20%、30%、40% 和 50% 的处理的土壤吸水率分别下降了 11.47%、17.97%、25.24%、29.83% 和 42.45%。随着砾石含量的增加,反吸力逐渐增大,形状系数、Ks、θs 和 θr 逐渐减小。在土壤含水量相同的情况下,随着砾石含量的增加,土壤水吸力和 Kθ 逐渐减小。在相同的土壤吸水量下,C(h)随砾石含量的增加而降低,水的利用效率降低。总体而言,贺兰山东麓石质土壤的持水量、导水率和水分利用效率随着砾石含量的增加而降低。这项研究可为提高贺兰山东麓及其他类似岩石山区的土壤水分利用效率提供数据支持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
768
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Arid Land is an international peer-reviewed journal co-sponsored by Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press. It aims to meet the needs of researchers, students and practitioners in sustainable development and eco-environmental management, focusing on the arid and semi-arid lands in Central Asia and the world at large. The Journal covers such topics as the dynamics of natural resources (including water, soil and land, organism and climate), the security and sustainable development of natural resources, and the environment and the ecology in arid and semi-arid lands, especially in Central Asia. Coverage also includes interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and the relationship between these natural processes and human activities. Also discussed are patterns of geography, ecology and environment; ecological improvement and environmental protection; and regional responses and feedback mechanisms to global change. The Journal of Arid Land also presents reviews, brief communications, trends and book reviews of work on these topics.
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