Do we mean the same? Semantic native-likeness in highly proficient second language users

IF 1.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS International Journal of Bilingualism Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1177/13670069241267136
Boris Kogan, Lucía Agulla, Martín Dottori, Lucía Amoruso, Leticia Vivas, Adolfo M. García
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Abstract

Research question:Native-likeness (similarity between non-native and native users of the same language) depends on second language proficiency (L2p). However, evidence comes mainly from phonological or syntactic tasks, prompting an underexplored question: can higher L2p also entail a more native-like organization of semantic memory?Methodology:We asked high and low proficiency bilinguals to describe concepts in their second (English) and first (Spanish) language. We then compared their responses with semantic structure norms from native speakers of each language, and derived measures of semantic native-likeness through a validated semantic proximity measure.Data and analysis:We examined whether semantic native-likeness scores discriminated between high and low L2p levels at the group level (via inferential statistics) and at the individual level (via machine learning analyses).Findings:We found that semantic associations in English were more native-like in high than in low L2p bilinguals. Machine learning analyses showed that this pattern was highly consistent across individual subjects. Responses in Spanish did not differ between groups.Originality:This is the first study assessing semantic native-likeness through concept-feature associations in high and low L2p bilinguals, both at the group- and the individual-level.Significance:Our findings suggest that increased L2p entails a more native-like organization of semantic memory, informing models of bilingual cognition and its links with experience-related variables.
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我们的意思相同吗?高水平第二语言使用者的语义母语相似性
研究问题:母语相似性(同一语言的非母语使用者与母语使用者之间的相似性)取决于第二语言能力(L2p)。然而,这些证据主要来自语音或句法任务,这就提出了一个尚未得到充分探讨的问题:较高的第二语言能力是否也会导致语义记忆的组织更像母语? 研究方法:我们要求高水平和低水平的双语者用他们的第二语言(英语)和第一语言(西班牙语)描述概念。然后,我们将他们的回答与每种语言的母语使用者的语义结构规范进行比较,并通过有效的语义接近度测量方法得出语义母语相似度的测量结果。数据与分析:我们研究了语义母语相似度得分是否能在群体层面(通过推断统计)和个体层面(通过机器学习分析)区分高低L2p水平。机器学习分析表明,这种模式在不同的受试者身上高度一致。意义:我们的研究结果表明,L2p 越高,语义记忆的组织越像母语,这为二语认知模型及其与经验相关变量的联系提供了信息。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
6.70%
发文量
76
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Bilingualism is an international forum for the dissemination of original research on the linguistic, psychological, neurological, and social issues which emerge from language contact. While stressing interdisciplinary links, the focus of the Journal is on the language behavior of the bi- and multilingual individual.
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