Inclusive fluxes of secondary air-shower particles

IF 5.3 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1088/1475-7516/2024/08/013
Hariom Sogarwal and Prashant Shukla
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Abstract

The particle showers produced in the atmosphere due to the interactions of primary cosmic particles require a thorough understanding in the backdrop of searches for rare interactions. In this work, we made a comprehensive study of air shower simulations using various combinations of hadronic models and particle transport code of the CORSIKA package. The primary proton and helium distributions are taken as power law which are scaled to match the measured flux in balloon and satellite-based experiments at the top of atmosphere. The shower simulation includes production, transport and decays of secondaries up to the ground level. In this study, we focus on the bulk of the spectra and particles which is computationally intensive and hence parallel processing of events is done on computer cluster. We provide a way to normalize the simulation results to be compared with the ground-based measurements namely, single and multiple muon yields and their charge ratios as a function of zenith angle and momentum. This provides a basis for comparisons among the six model combinations used in this study and the differences are outlined. Most of the hadronic models in CORSIKA produce the bulk ground based measurements fairly well. We use one of the best model combinations to quantitatively predict the absolute and relative yields of various particles at ground level as well as their correlations with primaries and with each other. The leptonic ratios are obtained as a function of energy and zenith angle which are important inputs for the neutrino oscillation physics.
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二次空气喷淋粒子的包容性通量
原始宇宙粒子相互作用在大气中产生的粒子雨需要在寻找罕见相互作用的背景下得到透彻的理解。在这项工作中,我们利用强子模型和CORSIKA软件包的粒子输运代码的不同组合,对空气淋浴模拟进行了全面研究。主要质子和氦的分布是幂律分布,其比例与大气层顶部气球和卫星实验测量的通量相匹配。阵雨模拟包括直到地面的二次粒子的产生、传输和衰变。在这项研究中,我们的重点是计算密集型的大部分光谱和粒子,因此事件的并行处理是在计算机集群上进行的。我们提供了一种将模拟结果与地面测量结果(即单μ介子和多μ介子产量及其电荷比与天顶角和动量的函数关系)进行比较的方法。这为本研究中使用的六种模型组合之间的比较提供了基础,并概述了它们之间的差异。CORSIKA 中的大多数强子模型都能很好地产生大量的地面测量结果。我们使用其中一个最佳模型组合来定量预测各种粒子在地面的绝对和相对产率,以及它们与原初粒子和相互之间的相关性。得到的轻子比率是能量和天顶角的函数,而能量和天顶角是中微子振荡物理学的重要输入。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
23.40%
发文量
632
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (JCAP) encompasses theoretical, observational and experimental areas as well as computation and simulation. The journal covers the latest developments in the theory of all fundamental interactions and their cosmological implications (e.g. M-theory and cosmology, brane cosmology). JCAP''s coverage also includes topics such as formation, dynamics and clustering of galaxies, pre-galactic star formation, x-ray astronomy, radio astronomy, gravitational lensing, active galactic nuclei, intergalactic and interstellar matter.
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