The effects of heading motion and sex on lower extremity biomechanics in soccer players

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS Knee Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1016/j.knee.2024.08.001

Joshua T. Weinhandl, Alfayyadh Abdulmajeed, Lauren E. Dami, Songning Zhang, Eugene C. Fitzhugh

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Abstract

Background

Soccer is one of the most popular sports worldwide, which subsequently increases the number of injuries experienced by players. Furthermore, a large percentage of all anterior cruciate ligament injuries occur while playing soccer. In order to more clearly understand injury mechanisms, it is important to make the testing environment as real-life as possible. Inclusion of an external focus and secondary task, such as heading a soccer ball, may increase joint loading during landing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a forward heading motion on lower extremity kinetics and kinematics between sexes during a stop-jump task and a jump-heading task.

Methods

Ten male and ten female soccer players performed stop-jumps with no soccer ball present and jump-headings with a soccer ball present. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were collected and analyzed during the landing. 2 × 2 mixed design analysis of variances (ANOVA) were performed to examine sex × jump task interactions and determine the main effects of sex and jump task.

Results

Results indicated jump-heading yields greater peak vertical ground reaction forces, an 8% increase in peak knee extension moments, a reduced initial knee flexion angle by approximately 5°, and an increased initial hip flexion angle by approximately 7°. Additionally, females exhibited 5.6° greater peak knee abduction angles compared to men, regardless of task.

Conclusions

Inclusion of an overhead target may have distracted the athletes from focusing on frontal plane knee control when landing, and could potentially lead to increased ACL stress.

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头部运动和性别对足球运动员下肢生物力学的影响

背景足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一，因此球员受伤的次数也随之增加。此外，很大一部分前十字韧带损伤都是在踢足球时发生的。为了更清楚地了解受伤机制，必须使测试环境尽可能真实。加入外部焦点和次要任务（如头顶足球）可能会增加着地时的关节负荷。本研究的目的是调查在停止跳跃任务和跳跃-头球任务中，向前头球运动对不同性别下肢动力学和运动学的影响。方法十名男性和十名女性足球运动员在没有足球的情况下进行停止跳跃，在有足球的情况下进行跳跃-头球。收集并分析了着地时的三维运动学和动力学数据。进行了 2 × 2 混合设计方差分析（ANOVA），以检验性别 × 跳跃任务的交互作用，并确定性别和跳跃任务的主效应。结果结果表明，跳跃起跳产生了更大的垂直地面反作用力峰值，膝关节伸展力矩峰值增加了 8%，膝关节初始屈曲角度减少了约 5°，髋关节初始屈曲角度增加了约 7°。此外，与男性相比，女性的膝关节外展角度峰值要大 5.6°，与任务无关。结论：加入高空目标可能会分散运动员对着地时膝关节正面控制的注意力，并有可能导致前交叉韧带应力增加。

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来源期刊

Knee 医学-外科

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

171

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Knee is an international journal publishing studies on the clinical treatment and fundamental biomechanical characteristics of this joint. The aim of the journal is to provide a vehicle relevant to surgeons, biomedical engineers, imaging specialists, materials scientists, rehabilitation personnel and all those with an interest in the knee. The topics covered include, but are not limited to: • Anatomy, physiology, morphology and biochemistry; • Biomechanical studies; • Advances in the development of prosthetic, orthotic and augmentation devices; • Imaging and diagnostic techniques; • Pathology; • Trauma; • Surgery; • Rehabilitation.