Interpretation of the stress dip test as a means of characterizing backstress: Experiments and backstress-aided crystal plasticity modeling of polycrystalline tantalum

IF 9.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL International Journal of Plasticity Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ijplas.2024.104089
Sajjad Izadpanah Najmabad , David Fullwood , Tristan Russell , Marko Knezevic , Michael Miles
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Abstract

Backstresses, associated with certain dislocation arrangements and their inter-dislocation long-range stresses, are known to contribute significantly to deformation response of metals, including kinematic hardening, the Bauschinger effect (BE) and the Hall-Petch effect. Various methods have been employed to quantify these backstresses at the macro-scale. One of these approaches, which has received relatively little attention, is the stress dip test. The strain rate observed during a load dip and hold, after previous plastic deformation, can be positive or negative, depending upon the level at which the load is held, and the relative magnitudes of competing friction and backstresses. The most direct interpretation of previously reported tests indicates a surprisingly high level of backstress in common materials, and which is generally also higher than the value extracted from an unload-reload test. In this paper, stress dip tests are performed on pure polycrystalline tantalum, along with unload-reload tests. A plateau is seen in the strain rate observed during the stress dip test, which has not been previously reported. If the backstress is interpreted to correspond with the stress level associated with the middle point of the plateau, in line with the friction/backstress model of the unload-reload test, the resulting backstress obtained from both tests are very similar. A novel crystal plasticity model, incorporating backstress, reversible dislocations and non-Schmid effects, is used to help justify this new approach. The model predicts the observed plateau in strain rate, and provides a slip-level interpretation of the macroscopically observed backstress. The slip-level backstress (when considered as a fraction of the stress prior to the dip) is reasonably similar to the values interpreted from the dip test experiment. The ∼23% lower value in the simulation may be due to the lack of certain aspects of the actual physics in the model.

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将应力浸渍测试作为表征背应力的一种手段:多晶钽的实验和背应力辅助晶体塑性建模
众所周知,背应力与某些位错排列及其位错间的长程应力有关,对金属的变形响应有重大影响,包括运动硬化、鲍辛格效应(Bauschinger effect,BE)和霍尔-佩奇效应(Hall-Petch effect)。人们采用了各种方法来量化这些宏观尺度的背应力。其中一种方法是应力浸渍试验,这种方法受到的关注相对较少。在之前的塑性变形之后,在载荷浸入和保持期间观察到的应变率可能是正的,也可能是负的,这取决于保持载荷的水平以及竞争摩擦力和背应力的相对大小。对以前报告的试验的最直接解释表明,普通材料的背应力水平出奇地高,通常也高于从卸载-重载试验中提取的值。本文对纯多晶钽进行了应力浸渍测试和卸载-重载测试。在应力浸渍试验中观察到的应变率出现了高原现象,这是以前从未报道过的。如果根据卸载-重载试验的摩擦/背应力模型,将背应力解释为与高原中点相关的应力水平,则两种试验得到的背应力非常相似。为了证明这种新方法的合理性,我们使用了一个包含背应力、可逆位错和非施密特效应的新型晶体塑性模型。该模型预测了观察到的应变速率高原,并对宏观观察到的反应力提供了滑移级解释。滑移级反应力(当被视为倾覆前应力的一部分时)与倾覆测试实验的解释值相当相似。模拟值低 23%可能是由于模型中缺少某些实际物理因素。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Plasticity
International Journal of Plasticity 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
15.30
自引率
26.50%
发文量
256
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: International Journal of Plasticity aims to present original research encompassing all facets of plastic deformation, damage, and fracture behavior in both isotropic and anisotropic solids. This includes exploring the thermodynamics of plasticity and fracture, continuum theory, and macroscopic as well as microscopic phenomena. Topics of interest span the plastic behavior of single crystals and polycrystalline metals, ceramics, rocks, soils, composites, nanocrystalline and microelectronics materials, shape memory alloys, ferroelectric ceramics, thin films, and polymers. Additionally, the journal covers plasticity aspects of failure and fracture mechanics. Contributions involving significant experimental, numerical, or theoretical advancements that enhance the understanding of the plastic behavior of solids are particularly valued. Papers addressing the modeling of finite nonlinear elastic deformation, bearing similarities to the modeling of plastic deformation, are also welcomed.
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